中国安全科学学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (10): 55-62.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2020.10.008

• 安全工程技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

露天料场爆破粉尘质量浓度时空分布特征数值模拟

郑霞忠1,2 教授, 杨丘1, 晋良海**1,2 副教授, 郑宇航1, 罗汉3, 马国峰4   

  1. 1 三峡大学 水利与环境学院,湖北 宜昌 443002;
    2 三峡大学 安全生产标准化评审中心,湖北 宜昌 443002;
    3 中国电建华东勘测设计研究院有限公司,浙江 杭州 311122;
    4 东营利民水利工程维修养护有限公司,山东 东营 257091
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-30 修回日期:2020-09-13 出版日期:2020-10-28 发布日期:2021-07-15
  • 通讯作者: **晋良海(1973—),男,四川简阳人,博士,副教授,主要从事建设项目运筹管理、安全工效学等方面的研究。E-mail:jinlianghai@ctgu.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:郑霞忠 (1963—),男,湖北鄂州人,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事安全科学与工程方面的研究工作。E-mail:zhengxz@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助(51878385);湖北省水电工程施工与管理重点实验室(三峡大学) 开放基金资助(2019KSD05)。

Numerical simulation on spatio-temporal distribution regularities of blasting dust mass concentration in open quarry

ZHENG Xiazhong1,2, YANG Qiu1, JIN Lianghai1,2, ZHENG Yuhang1, LUO Han3, MA Guofeng4   

  1. 1 College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, Three Gorges University, Yichang Hubei 443002, China;
    2 Center of Standardization Evaluation for Production Safety, Three Gorges University, Yichang Hubei 443002, China;
    3 Hydro China Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited, Hangzhou Zhejiang 311122,China;
    4 Dongying Limin Water Conservancy Engineering Maintenance Corporation Limited, Dongying Shandong 257091, China
  • Received:2020-07-30 Revised:2020-09-13 Online:2020-10-28 Published:2021-07-15

摘要: 为探究露天料场爆破粉尘扩散影响因素及时空分布特征,以杨房沟金波料场为研究背景,首先,考虑料场分台阶开挖空间部署特性,分析爆破粉尘扩散的理化特性与局地风候因素;然后,运用流体力学有限元法数值模拟露天料场爆破粉尘质量浓度时空分布特征;最后,可视化处理分析数值模拟结果。研究结果表明:受开挖空间部署影响,料场下盘形成一个风流旋涡,爆破粉尘扩散过程中吸风槽旋涡效应显著;起爆后5~20 s内,粉尘形成一条质量浓度为1.2×10-3~2×10-3kg/m3的高质量浓度分布带;20~100 s内,高质量浓度分布带逐渐消失,粉尘质量浓度呈北高南低趋势;100~800 s 内,粉尘颗粒逐渐减少,空间分布特征相对稳定;建议在吸风槽风流旋涡效应形成的高浓度分布带和料场北侧布置喷雾设备以降尘,且后者喷射角度相对较大。

关键词: 露天粉场, 爆破粉尘, 质量浓度, 时空分布, 数值模拟, 吸风槽, 旋涡效应

Abstract: In order to explore influencing factors and spatio-temporal distribution law of blasting dust diffusion in open quarry, with Yangfanggou Jinbo quarry as research background, physical and chemical factors of blasting dust diffusion and local wind factors were analyzed considering spatial deployment characteristics of bench excavation. Then, spatio-temporal distribution regularities of blasting dust mass concentration was numerically simulated by using fluid mechanics finite element method. Finally, simulation results were visualized and analyzed. The results show that an air flow vortex generates at bottom of open quarry due to impacts of excavation space deployment, and vortex effect of suction trough is significant in diffusion process of blasting dust. Within 5-20 s after blasting, dust forms a distribution belt of high concentration of 1.2×10-3kg/m3-2×10-3kg/m3. Within 20-100 s, the belt gradually disappears, and dust concentration tends to be high in north and low in south. And when it comes to 100-800 s, dust particles reduce bit by bit, and spatial distribution law is relatively stable. It is suggested that spray equipment for dust reduction should be arranged in high concentration distribution belt formed by vortex effect and north side of open quarry with spray angle for the latter being relatively larger.

Key words: blasting dust, suction trough, vortex effect, mass concentration, spatio-temporal distribution, numerical simulation

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