Abstract: Considering that the coal-fired power plants are sure to be attacked as important economic targets in war, measures must be taken to prevent the weak parts of the core of the plants from attacking or damaging. In order to validate the capability of the protective measures, an evaluation index system for protective measures is set up, and an evaluation model is also set up based on grey relational analysis. Through analyzing the index system with that model, the optimization of the protective measures is achieved. This research is of actual importance for the optimization of protective measures in coal-fired power plants, as well as in big dams, nuclear power plants and airports.