超声波对煤中瓦斯放散动力学影响的试验研究*

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2026.03.0456

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为进一步探究超声波激励煤中瓦斯放散效应,利用含瓦斯煤体超声波激励试验系统,分析不同超声波激励条件(功率G、频率F和时间T)作用后煤中瓦斯放散量变化特征,基于类朗缪尔模型、准一级动力学模型及瓦斯动扩散模型等,分析超声波激励对瓦斯放散动力学特性的影响。结果表明:超声波功率增大、频率升高或激励时间延长均可增大瓦斯放散量;超声波功率由250 W增大至1 000 W时,瓦斯放散量由0.689 mL/g增加到0.981 mL/g,放散率由5.92%提高到10.69%;煤中瓦斯放散量相较超声波频率20 kHz的0.739 mL/g增加到40 kHz的1.074 mL/g,放散率由6.36%提高到9.65%;激励时间30 min时煤中瓦斯放散量0.833 mL/g增加到120 min的1.100 mL/g,放散率由8.50%提高到12.65%。瓦斯动扩散模型最符合超声波激励后煤中瓦斯放散特征,类朗缪尔模型和准一级动力学模型次之。瓦斯初始扩散系数D₀及其衰减系数β在超声波激励下变化趋势相同,均与超声波功率、频率和激励时间呈指数型正相关关系。超声波激励通过机械振动效应与孔隙清洁作用改善煤的孔隙连通性,从而提高煤中瓦斯放散动力学特性。

关键词: 超声波激励, 瓦斯放散, 动力学模型, 瓦斯动扩散模型, 扩散系数

Abstract:

To further investigate the effect of ultrasonic stimulation on gas diffusion in coal, this study utilized an ultrasonic stimulation test system for gas-bearing coal to analyze variations in gas diffusion under different ultrasonic conditions. Based on the Langmuir-like model, Quasi-first-order kinetic model, and gas dynamic diffusion model, the influence of ultrasonic stimulation on the kinetic characteristics of gas diffusion was systematically examined. Results demonstrate that increased ultrasonic power, elevated frequency, or prolonged stimulation time significantly enhance gas diffusion. Specifically, when ultrasonic power increases from 250 W to 1 000 W, gas diffusion rises from 0.689 mL/g to 0.981 mL/g, with the diffusion rate increasing from 5.92% to 10.69%. Similarly, gas diffusion escalates from 0.739 mL/g at 20 kHz to 1.074 mL/g at 40 kHz, elevating the diffusion rate from 6.36% to 9.65%. Extending stimulation time from 30 min to 120 min boosts gas diffusion from 0.833 mL/g to 1.100 mL/g, increasing the diffusion rate from 8.50% to 12.65%. The gas dynamic diffusion model exhibits the strongest fit for describing gas diffusion behavior under ultrasonic stimulation, followed by the Langmuir-like and Quasi-first-order kinetic models. Both the initial gas diffusion coefficient D₀ and its attenuation coefficient β demonstrate identical trends under ultrasonic stimulation, showing exponential positive correlations with ultrasonic power, frequency, and stimulation time. Ultrasonic stimulation enhances the kinetic characteristics of gas diffusion in coal by improving pore connectivity through mechanical vibration and pore-cleaning effects.

Key words: ultrasonic stimulation, gas diffusion, kinetic model, dynamic gas diffusion model, diffusion coefficient

中图分类号:

X936

张笑盈, 林海飞, 严敏, 王瑞哲, 仇悦, 周行. 超声波对煤中瓦斯放散动力学影响的试验研究^*[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2026, 36(3): 153-161.

ZHANG Xiaoying, LIN Haifei, YAN Min, WANG Ruizhe, QIU Yue, ZHOU Xing. Experimental study on influence of ultrasonic stimulation on kinetic characteristics of gas diffusion in coal[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2026, 36(3): 153-161.

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组号	质量/g	直径/mm	高度/mm	波速/(km·s^-1)
0	111.5	36.0	86.1	1.706
1	105.9	36.0	86.0	1.693
2	101.9	35.8	85.9	1.589
3	108.3	36.0	86.0	1.654
4	108.2	36.0	86.0	1.667
5	107.5	36.0	86.0	1.617
6	107.3	36.0	86.0	1.604
7	104.8	36.0	86.0	1.667
8	111.7	36.1	86.2	1.706
9	109.7	36.0	86.0	1.680
10	108.2	36.0	86.0	1.629

组号	超声波功率G/W	超声波频率F/kHz	激励时间 T/min
0号	0	0	0
1号	250	20	60
2号	500
3号	750
4号	1000
5号	500	28
6号		35
7号		40
8号	1000	20	30
9号			90
10号			120

激励条件	解吸率		放散率
激励条件	拟合关系式	相关系数	拟合关系式	相关系数
G/W	η=-22.014exp(-0.001G)	0.990	γ=1.197exp(0.002G)	0.941
F/kHz	η=17.789exp(-0.027F)	0.993	γ=-27.543exp(-0.099F)	0.999
T/min	η=141.798exp(0.001T)	0.992	γ=-8.510exp(-0.016T)	0.975

激励条件			类朗缪尔模型						准一级动力学模型						瓦斯动扩散模型
激励条件			a/ (mL·g^-1)		b/ min^-1		R²		q/ (mL·g^-1)		k/ min^-1		R²		D₀/ (m²·min^-1)	β/ min^-1	R²
未激励	0		0.627		0.039		0.956		0.514		0.035		0.924		1.097	0.019	0.973
G/W	250		0.761		0.077		0.979		0.667		0.057		0.931		1.645	0.031	0.980
	500		0.773		0.134		0.987		0.701		0.087		0.923		1.697	0.032	0.973
	750		0.839		0.124		0.972		0.765		0.081		0.892		1.741	0.034	0.968
	1000		1.026		0.096		0.945		0.909		0.066		0.853		1.821	0.037	0.980
F/kHz	20		0.773		0.134		0.987		0.701		0.087		0.923		1.697	0.032	0.973
	28		0.954		0.087		0.973		0.839		0.062		0.905		1.849	0.034	0.975
	35		1.038		0.090		0.978		0.915		0.064		0.910		1.936	0.036	0.977
	40		1.123		0.092		0.977		1.000		0.065		0.911		2.015	0.037	0.975
T/min	30	0.862		0.094		0.988		0.761		0.067		0.942		1.456		0.031	0.976
	60	1.026		0.096		0.945		0.909		0.066		0.853		1.821		0.037	0.980
	90	1.010		0.208		0.900		0.941		0.118		0.746		2.070		0.047	0.938
	120	1.131		0.308		0.980		1.073		0.179		0.931		2.924		0.056	0.918