安全出口台阶设计对幼儿疏散影响的试验研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2020.04.020

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 127-134.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2020.04.020

安全出口台阶设计对幼儿疏散影响的试验研究

姚亦舒, 陆伟^** 教授

大连理工大学建筑与艺术学院,辽宁大连 116024

收稿日期:2020-01-08 修回日期:2020-03-24 出版日期:2020-04-28 发布日期:2021-01-27
通讯作者: **陆伟(1959—),男,辽宁人,硕士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事环境行为学方面的研究。E-mail:luweieds@dlut.edu.cn。
作者简介:姚亦舒(1989—),女,辽宁大连人,博士研究生,研究方向为幼儿安全行为及教育建筑设计。E-mail:yaoyishu@mail.dlut.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年基金资助(51808094,51608089);中央高校基本科研业务费资助(DUT20RW122)。

Influence of designs of landings at egress doors on children's evacuation behaviors

YAO Yishu, LU Wei

School of Architecture and Fine Art, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian Liaoning 116024, China

Received:2020-01-08 Revised:2020-03-24 Online:2020-04-28 Published:2021-01-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究幼儿园安全出口台阶设计的合理性,填补幼儿在幼儿园安全出口台阶处疏散行为数据的空白,在2所全日制六班型幼儿园开展防火疏散演习试验,获取幼儿在4种不同设计的安全出口台阶上的疏散行为数据;对比分析行走速度、疏散时间和疏散流率。结果表明:4～6岁幼儿在非光滑台阶上的行走速度在0.52～0.98 m/s之间;安全出口台阶的设计差异对幼儿疏散行为及疏散效果影响显著,双面式踏步可提高1.8倍疏散流率。

关键词: 安全出口, 台阶设计, 幼儿疏散, 行为数据, 疏散试验

Abstract: In order to explore design rationality of landings at egress door of kindergartens and to fill in the blank of children's evacuation behavior data in this part, evacuation drills on landings at egress doors in two fulltime six-classroom kindergartens were conducted and evacuation behavioral data at landings of 4 different designs were obtained. Then, their walking speed, evacuation time and flow rate were analyzed and compared. The results show that walking speed of children aged 4-6 on non-smooth steps is between 0.52-0.98 m/s. Design difference of landings has obvious influence on children's evacuation behavior and evacuation effect, and double-sided landings can increase flow rate by 1.8 times.

Key words: egress door, landing design, children evacuation, behavioural data, evacuation experiment

中图分类号:

X956

姚亦舒, 陆伟. 安全出口台阶设计对幼儿疏散影响的试验研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2020, 30(4): 127-134.

YAO Yishu, LU Wei. Influence of designs of landings at egress doors on children's evacuation behaviors[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2020, 30(4): 127-134.

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安全出口台阶设计对幼儿疏散影响的试验研究

Influence of designs of landings at egress doors on children's evacuation behaviors

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