基于SI-SB系统安全模型的多层级边缘智能管控模式

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.01.0405

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探索信息化、智能化技术赋能下的创新型安全生产管控模式,从安全信息学的角度分析安全管控过程中的信息流动特点,提出安全生产多层级边缘智能管控模式;基于安全信息-安全行为(SI-SB)系统安全模型分析安全管控过程中安全决策偏差和滞后的机制,提出安全管控系统性能改进的思路;结合安全生产组织管理体系特点和数字化技术优势,阐述数字化技术在信息感知传递、安全信息解释和安全行为引导等3个方面的赋能依据,以及数字化感知、智能化决策和多层级管控等3个方面的赋能途径,并提出具备智能决策、敏捷响应、弹性扩展和人机协同特点的安全生产多层级边缘智能管控模式;在紧急事件、短周期管控、长周期管控3类场景中,对应用智能管控模式前后的安全事件响应进行时效性计算和对比。结果表明:所提出的多层级边缘智能管控模式能够显著提高安全管控效能。

关键词: 安全信息-安全行为(SI-SB)系统安全模型, 多层级边缘智能管控, 管控模式, 管安全生产控模式, 安全信息学

Abstract:

In order to explore the innovative work safety control model empowered by information technology and intelligent technology, this study analyzed the characteristics of information flow in the safety control process from a perspective of safety informatics, and proposed a multi-level edge intelligent management and control mode. Based on SI-SB system safety model, the principles of safety decision lag and deviation in the safety management and control process were analyzed, and the idea of improving the performance of safety management and control system was proposed. Combined with the characteristics of safety organization management systems and the advantages of digital technologies, the foundation of digital technologies in enabling information perception and transmission, safety information interpretation, and safety behavior guidance was analyzed. And the pathways of digital technology in enabling digital perception, intelligent decision-making and multi-level control were analyzed. On this basis, the multi-level edge intelligent management and control mode for work safety with intelligence, agility, flexibility, and unity was proposed. Finally, the performances of responding with safety events were calculated and compared before and after the application of the digital control mode in the three types of scenarios: emergency, short-cycle control and long-cycle control. The results show that the proposed multi-level edge intelligent management and control mode can significantly improve the effectiveness of safety control.

Key words: safety-related information-safety-related behavior (SI-SB) system safety model, multi-level edge intelligence control, management and control mode, work safety, safety informatics

中图分类号:

X913安全系统学

张充, 张伟, 李泽亚, 赵挺生, 张耀庭. 基于SI-SB系统安全模型的多层级边缘智能管控模式[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(1): 17-26.

ZHANG Chong, ZHANG Wei, LI Zeya, ZHAO Tingsheng, ZHANG Yaoting. Study on multi-level edge intelligent management and control mode based on SI-SB system safety model[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(1): 17-26.

图/表 13

图1

图2

表1

表2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

表3

时效性计算参数

参数		标准情况	智能管控	经验判断
信息质量	p	8	10	7
	$p'$	8	8	8
	$ε 1$	0.1	0.1	0.1
信息数量	q	8	8	5
	$q'$	8	8	8
	$ε 2$	0.1	0.1	0.1
决策能力	r	8	10	6
	$r'$	8	8	8
	$ε 3$	0.1	0.1	0.1
流通效率	v	6	10	3
流通效率	$v'$	6	6	6
时间消耗	t	—	—	—
	$t'$	5	5	5
	$ε 4$	0.1	0.1	0.1

表3

表4

时效性计算结果

管控模式	管控场景
管控模式	长周期 ( $k = 20$ )	短周期 ( $k = 1.0$ )	紧急事件 ( $k = 0.2$ )
标准状态	1.00	1.00	1.00
智能决策	1.04	1.05	1.08
经验判断	0.66	0.54	0.03

表4

图9

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生产管控过程	过程参数的量级(类型)
生产管控过程	t	T	δ	Δ
对象→ 采集者	μs	μs/s	原始信息	原始信息
采集者处理	μs/s	μs/s	—	原始信息
采集者→ 预测者	s/min	min/h	站点级信息	原始、站点信息
预测者处理	min/h	min/h	—	原始、站点信息
预测者→ 决策者	h/d/ 周/月	h/d/ 周/月	区域级信息	原始、站点、区域信息
决策者处理	h/d/ 周/月	h/d/ 周/月	—	原始、站点、区域信息
执行者→执行者	与正向信息传递过程的相应阶段一致

管理系统单元	知识水平	职位特点	信息获取	适合决策类型
站点级	长期从事单一工作而形成的专项化技能和认知	与设备、物料、环境直接交互,作业面积小而固定	实时、局部、微观	实时性、专项化、微观而聚焦
区域级	基本了解各项一线作业,并具备一定的管理技能	紧邻生产现场作业,协调一线工人,区域性活动	较低时延、短周期、区域性、细观	短周期、区域性协调、细观
工厂级	熟知作业系统整体运作方式,掌握系统宏观调控的技能	远端办公,负责生产单位整体的各类业务运行	较高时延、长周期、系统性、宏观	长周期、整体性、宏观