缆机安全运行本体知识表示及复用方法

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.03.1321

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决缆机运行管理过程中,大量多源异构结构化和非结构化知识难以复用及知识管理效率低的问题,分析缆机安装和运维过程中积累的大量技术规范、专家经验等安全知识,提取缆机运行相关实体类,采用五元组模型结构化表达缆机安全运行本体知识,并建立类间二元关系,使用Protégé中的本体表达语言程序化表示;构建缆机实体、安全预警、应急预案3大领域本体知识库;采用3Dmax软件,构建缆机运行三维场景模型,导入Unity3D引擎,在用户界面和交互功能中,实现本体知识库知识检索;针对缆机各实体存在的安全隐患、事故实例、应急预案,构建完整的缆机安全运行知识检索三维可视化平台。结果表明:缆机安全运行本体知识库,能够集中统一管理各种缆机安全运行知识,结合知识检索平台,可实现知识的高效查询和复用。

关键词: 缆机安全运行, 知识表示, 本体构建, 知识库, 知识复用

Abstract:

In order to solve the problem that a large amount of multi-source heterogeneous structured and unstructured knowledge in the operation and management of cable crane is difficult to reuse, a large number of technical specifications, expert experience and other safety knowledge accumulated in the installation and operation and maintenance of cable crane were analyzed, and related entity classes of cable crane operation were extracted. A quintuple model was used to structurally express the safe operation of the ontology knowledge of the cable crane, and the binary relationship between classes was established. Then, the ontology expression language in Protégé was used to represent it programmatically. The ontology knowledge base of the cable crane entity, safety early warning and an emergency plan was constructed. 3D scene model of the cable crane was constructed using 3Dmax software, and then the model was imported into Unity3D engine. Knowledge retrieval of the ontology knowledge base was realized through user interface design and interaction functions in the engine. At the same time, based on the existing examples of faults and accidents, the corresponding emergency plans were associated with the hidden dangers existing in each entity of the cable crane. Finally, a complete 3D visualization platform for safe operation knowledge retrieval of cable cranes was constructed. The results show that all kinds of safe operation knowledge of cable-winch can be centrally and effectively managed by constructing an ontology knowledge base, and a knowledge retrieval platform combined with an ontology knowledge base can effectively realize efficient query and reuse of knowledge.

Key words: safe operation of the cable crane, knowledge representation, ontology construction, knowledge base, knowledge reuse

中图分类号:

X952

陈述, 鲁世立, 王建平, 李智, 张光飞. 缆机安全运行本体知识表示及复用方法[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(3): 93-100.

CHEN Shu, LU Shili, WANG Jianping, LI Zhi, ZHANG Guangfei. Representation and reuse of ontology knowledge for safe operation of cable crane[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(3): 93-100.

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一级结构类	二级结构类	三级结构类
大车运行机构	大车车轮、平衡梁、制动器	轮缘、踏面厚度、圆度
起升机构	断链检测装置、吊钩、排绳装置、挡绳装置、卷筒、钢丝绳、安全制动器、工作制动器	防止脱钩的装置、配重、警示灯、挡绳检测传感器、凸缘
牵引机构	起重小车、滑轮、承马、驱动轮槽、增摩衬垫、制动器	车轮、起重绳、导向滑轮、托辊
张紧装置	承载索、钢丝绳逆止器、钢丝绳、防过载装置、溢流阀	安全系数、索头
电气系统	中低压开关柜、配电柜、直流电动机、电阻器、变压器、高压开关柜	导线、电阻、电压测量装置
照明装置	电压、防震装置、红色障碍灯	警示灯、标识牌
安全保护装置	行程限位装置、起重量限制器、超速保护装置、钢丝绳防脱装置、风速仪、夹轨器、清轨板	滑轮、卷筒、报警装置
电气保护	急停装置、调速装置、零位保护装置	线路保护装置

关系名称	说明
is a	子类与父类关系
is part of	部分与整体的关系
is attribute of	类与属性的关系
︙	︙
is instance of	类与实例的关系

对象型属性	关系	数据类型
应急人员	应用	字符串
事件场景	地址	字符串
︙	︙	︙
事件位置	位置	字符串

数据型属性	数据类型
时间	日期
尺寸	双精度浮点类型
︙	︙
数量	整型

安全知识	类的组成
设备实体	吊钩、起重小车、滑轮、承马、托辊、制动器、承载索、溢流阀、电动机、调速装置
风险类型	吊钩脱落风险、托辊脱落风险、吊罐脱钩坠落风险、安全制动器失灵、链条断裂、吊罐与施工机械等空间冲突
故障特征	吊罐振幅过大、异常响动、传动不稳、制动器效果变差、发热、过载