复配表面活性剂润湿烟煤的协同作用研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.03.0731

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 159-168.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.03.0731

复配表面活性剂润湿烟煤的协同作用研究

雷淼¹^,²^,³(), 荆德吉¹^,²^,³, 佟林全⁴^,⁵^,^**(), 樊晶光⁴^,⁵, 贾鑫⁴^,⁵, 刘建华⁴^,⁵

¹ 辽宁工程技术大学安全科学与工程学院,辽宁阜新 123000
² 辽宁工程技术大学矿山热动力灾害与防治教育部重点实验室,辽宁葫芦岛 125105
³ 辽宁工程技术大学鄂尔多斯研究院,内蒙古鄂尔多斯 017010
⁴ 中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委职业安全卫生研究中心,北京 102308
⁵ 中国人民共和国国家卫生健康委粉尘危害工程防护重点实验室,北京 102308

收稿日期:2024-10-23 修回日期:2024-12-25 出版日期:2025-03-28
通信作者:
** 佟林全(1988—),男,辽宁辽阳人,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事职业卫生工程及职业健康管理方面的研究。E-mail:tlqzwzx@163.com。
作者简介:
雷淼 (2000—),女,陕西渭南人,硕士研究生,研究方向为职业安全健康。E-mail:1600393799@qq.com。
荆德吉，教授；
樊晶光，教授
基金资助:
辽宁省教育厅科学研究经费重点项目(LJKZ0323); 内蒙古自治区自然科学基金资助(2022QN05009)

Study on synergistic effect of mixed surfactants on wetting bituminous coal

LEI Miao¹^,²^,³(), JING Deji¹^,²^,³, TONG Linquan⁴^,⁵^,^**(), FAN Jingguang⁴^,⁵, JIA Xin⁴^,⁵, LIU Jianhua⁴^,⁵

¹ College of Safety Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin Liaoning 123000, China
² Key Laboratory of Mine Thermo-motive Disaster and Prevention Ministry of Education, Liaoning Technical University, Huludao Liaoning 125105,China
³ Ordos Research Institute, Liaoning Technical University, Ordos Inner Mongolia 017010, China
⁴ National Center for Occupational Safety and Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republlic of China, Beijing 102308, China
⁵ Key Laboratory for Engineering Control of Dust Hazard, National Health Commission of the People's Republlic of China,Beijing 102308, China

Received:2024-10-23 Revised:2024-12-25 Published:2025-03-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决煤矿粉尘污染治理中传统的喷雾技术治理效果不太理想、喷雾降尘性能较低的问题,选取十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、椰子油脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺(CDEA)和椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱(CAB-35)3种表面活性剂,首先通过接触角试验宏观分析表面活性剂的润湿性,再结合分子动力学模拟以及量子化学分析,从微观角度研究单一/复配后表面活性剂对烟煤的影响作用机制。结果表明:单一表面活性剂中SDS接触角最小,分子轨道能量差最大,更易与水分子形成较高强度的氢键;复配表面活性剂均表现出优于单一表面活性剂的烟煤润湿性,非离子与阴离子或两性离子活性剂复配时接触角更小,接触角降低速率也远大于单溶液,协同增效作用更突出;CDEA+CAB-35(4∶2)体系中水与表面活性剂形成更多较高强度的氢键,活性剂分子相互牵引形成紧密的吸附层,吸引水分子浸润煤尘表面,煤尘润湿性能力最佳。

关键词: 表面活性剂, 润湿, 烟煤, 协同作用, 分子动力学

Abstract:

In order to solve the problem that the traditional spray technology in coal mine dust pollution control is not ideal and the spray dust reduction performance is low, Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), Coconut Diethanol Amide (CDEA) and Cocoamidopropyl Betaine(CAB-35) were selected in this paper. The wettability of the three surfactants was first analyzed macroscopically by contact angle test. Then, combined with molecular dynamics simulation and quantum chemical analysis, the action mechanism of single/compound surfactants on bituminous coal was studied from a microscopic perspective. The results show that among the single surfactants, SDS has the smallest contact angle and the largest molecular orbital energy difference, and is more likely to form high-strength hydrogen bonds with water molecules; the mixed surfactants all show better wettability of bituminous coal than single surfactants, and the contact angle is smaller when non-ionic surfactants are mixed with anionic or zwitterionic surfactants, and the contact angle reduction rate is also much greater than that of single solutions, and the synergistic effect is more prominent; In the CDEA+CAB-35 (4∶2) system, water and surfactants form more and higher strength hydrogen bonds, and the surfactant molecules pull each other to form a tight adsorption layer, which attracts water molecules to infiltrate the surface of coal dust and improves the wettability of coal dust to the best extent.

Key words: surfactants, wetting, bituminous coal, synergistic effect, molecular dynamics

中图分类号:

X936

雷淼, 荆德吉, 佟林全, 樊晶光, 贾鑫, 刘建华. 复配表面活性剂润湿烟煤的协同作用研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2025, 35(3): 159-168.

LEI Miao, JING Deji, TONG Linquan, FAN Jingguang, JIA Xin, LIU Jianhua. Study on synergistic effect of mixed surfactants on wetting bituminous coal[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2025, 35(3): 159-168.

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工业分析				元素分析
水分	灰分	挥发分	固定碳	C	H	N	S	O
0.84	7.21	24.26	67.69	83.3	4.0	7.89	1.12	3.69

复配比例	1∶5	2∶4	3∶3	4∶2	5∶1
CDEA∶CAB-35	A1	A2	A3	A4	A5
SDS∶CAB-35	B1	B2	B3	B4	B5
CDEA∶SDS	C1	C2	C3	C4	C5

复配表面活性剂润湿烟煤的协同作用研究

Study on synergistic effect of mixed surfactants on wetting bituminous coal

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