孔径对压缩空气泡沫射流性能影响试验与分析

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.09.0106

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (9): 129-136.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.09.0106

孔径对压缩空气泡沫射流性能影响试验与分析

刘长春¹^,²^,³(), 杜雪¹^,²^,³, 李宇姗¹^,²^,³, 席浩越¹^,²^,³, 徐诚¹^,²^,³, 辛世杰¹^,²^,³

¹ 西安科技大学安全科学与工程学院,陕西西安 710054
² 西安市城市公共安全与消防救援重点实验室,陕西西安 710054
³ 陕西省工业过程安全与应急救援工程技术研究中心,陕西西安 710054

收稿日期:2025-04-21 修回日期:2025-06-27 出版日期:2025-09-28
作者简介:
刘长春 (1982—),男,河北邯郸人,博士,副教授,主要从事火灾动力学、建筑防排烟以及清洁灭火技术等方面的研究。E-mail:lcc@xust.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家消防救援局科技计划项目(2024XFCX38); 陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2025JC-YBMS-392); 陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2024JC-YBMS-251); 陕西省重点研发计划项目(2024SF-YBXM-657); 陕西省秦创原“科学家+工程师”队伍建设(2024QCY-KXJ-170)

Experiment and analysis of influence of aperture on performance of compressed air foam jet

LIU Changchun¹^,²^,³(), DU Xue¹^,²^,³, LI Yushan¹^,²^,³, XI Haoyue¹^,²^,³, XU Cheng¹^,²^,³, XIN Shijie¹^,²^,³

¹ School of Safety Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an Shaanxi 710054, China
² Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Industrial Process Safety and Emergency Rescue, Xi'an Shaanxi 710054, China
³ Shaanxi Industrial Process Safety and Emergency Rescue Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an Shaanxi 710054, China

Received:2025-04-21 Revised:2025-06-27 Published:2025-09-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为优化消防装备设计,通过不同射流孔径和气液比的试验,研究孔径对压缩空气泡沫射流性能的影响,测试数据包括发泡倍数、析液时间、射程射宽。结果表明:随着孔径减小,实际发泡倍数与理想值的偏差增大,并且气液比越大,偏差也越大,确定满足压缩空气泡沫系统稳定性要求的最小射流孔径阈值。稳定泡沫射流的临界气液比随着孔径的减小而减小,并构建孔径与临界气液比间的关系式;射流孔径对泡沫D₃₂直径和25%析液时间的影响不明显;在气液比小于20时,泡沫的射程射宽与射流孔径呈反比关系;在相同射流孔径下,超过一定气液比后,泡沫的射程变化并不明显。同时,分析获得临界气液比、25%析液时间、射程、射宽变化特征的成因。

关键词: 射流孔径, 压缩空气泡沫, 泡沫射流, 泡沫性能, 发泡倍数, 析液时间

Abstract:

In order to optimize the design of fire-fighting equipment, the influence of apertures on the performance of compressed air foam jets was investigated through experiments involving various jet apertures and gas-liquid ratios. The data, including the expansion ratio, liquid drainage time, foam jet range, and width, were collected. It was found that as the jet aperture decreased, the deviation of the actual expansion ratio from the ideal value increases, and the deviation increases as the gas-liquid ratio increases. The minimum jet aperture threshold meeting the stability requirements of the compressed air foam system is determined. The critical gas-liquid ratio for a stable foam jet decreases as the aperture diminishes, and a relationship between the jet aperture and the critical gas-liquid ratio is established. The effect of jet aperture on the diameter of foam D₃₂ and 25% drainage time is not obvious. For gas-liquid ratios below 20, in the same gas-liquid ratio, the jet aperture is inversely proportional to the range and width of the foam. Under the same jet aperture, beyond a certain gas-liquid ratio, the variation in foam range becomes negligible. Additionally, the underlying causes of the observed critical gas-liquid ratio, 25% drainage time, and variations in range and width are analyzed.

Key words: jet aperture, compressed air foam, foam jet, foam performance, expansion ratio, foam drainage time

中图分类号:

X932爆炸安全与防火、防爆

刘长春, 杜雪, 李宇姗, 席浩越, 徐诚, 辛世杰. 孔径对压缩空气泡沫射流性能影响试验与分析[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2025, 35(9): 129-136.

LIU Changchun, DU Xue, LI Yushan, XI Haoyue, XU Cheng, XIN Shijie. Experiment and analysis of influence of aperture on performance of compressed air foam jet[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2025, 35(9): 129-136.

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装置名称	相关参数
储液罐	尺寸:42 cm×26 cm×26 cm
水泵	压力范围:0.5~1.2 MPa;流量范围:1~5 L/min
空气压缩机	功率:1 200 W;转速:2 800 r/min; 气罐储量:10 L;压力:≤0.9 MPa
减压阀	压力:≤0.6 MPa
液体流量计	范围:0.2~10 L/min;精度:±1%
气体流量计	范围:10~100 L/h;精度:±1%
压力表	量程:0~0.6 MPa;精度:±1%

射流孔径 d/mm	液体流量 L/min	气液比	压力/ MPa	组数
3.5	0.61	10~30	0.1~0.2	24
4.0	0.61	10~30	0.1~0.2	33
4.5	0.61	10~35	0.1~0.2	39
5.0	0.61	10~45	0.1~0.2	48

孔径对压缩空气泡沫射流性能影响试验与分析

Experiment and analysis of influence of aperture on performance of compressed air foam jet

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