Na2CO3-5A分子筛改性复合粉体抑制H2/NH3/空气爆炸试验

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2026.09.0314

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为保障氢氨燃料的安全应用,制备Na₂CO₃-5A分子筛复合粉体,并研究其抑爆性能。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、激光粒度分析、热重分析(TGA)和差示扫描量热(DSC)表征复合粉体特征;通过爆炸抑制试验中火焰形态、火焰长度和超压评估粉体抑爆性能,分析燃料中氢气体积分数、复合粉体组分(用复合粉体中Na₂CO₃的质量比表征)与质量浓度对H₂/NH₃/空气爆炸的影响。结果表明:所制备的复合粉体表现出优异的结构和热性能;复合粉体对H₂/NH₃/空气混合物表现出优越的爆炸抑制能力,表现为火焰传播速度和超压降低,爆炸火焰持续时间和达到最大超压的时间延长;对于所有H₂/NH₃/空气混合物,随着Na₂CO₃质量比和复合粉体质量浓度的增加,粉体抑爆性能先增强后减弱,性能最佳时Na₂CO₃质量比和复合粉体质量浓度分别为60%和100 g/m³。

关键词: Na₂CO₃, 5A分子筛, 复合粉体, H₂/NH₃/空气, 爆炸抑制

Abstract:

To suppress H₂/NH₃/air explosions, Na₂CO₃-5A zeolite composite powder was prepared and its explosion suppression performance was investigated. The composite powder is characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), laser particle size analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Its performance is evaluated through explosion suppression tests, focusing on flame evolution shape, flame length, and overpressure in stoichiometric hydrogen-rich H₂/NH₃/air explosions. The effects of varying hydrogen fractions in fuel (50%, 60%, and 70%), the mass ratio of Na₂CO₃ in the composite powder, and the concentration of the composite powder are examined. The results demonstrate that the prepared composite powder exhibits excellent structural and thermal properties. The composite powders exhibit superior explosion suppression capabilities for H₂/NH₃/air mixtures, as evidenced by a reduction in flame propagation speed and overpressure, as well as an extension of explosion flame duration and the time to reach maximum overpressure. For all H₂/NH₃/air mixtures, as the mass ratio of Na₂CO₃ and the concentrations of composite powder change, the explosion suppression performance of the powder first increases and then decreases, with the optimal values corresponding to 60% and 100 g/m³. The research findings can provide theoretical support and technical assistance for the explosion prevention and control of hydrogen-ammonia mixed fuels.

Key words: Na₂CO₃, 5A zeolite, composite powder, H₂/NH₃/air, explosion suppression

中图分类号:

X932爆炸安全与防火、防爆

郑凯, 周辰, 孙煜炜, 吴镐南, 赵宇阳, 申帅杭. Na₂CO₃-5A分子筛改性复合粉体抑制H₂/NH₃/空气爆炸试验[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2026, 36(9): 52-60.

Zheng Kai, Zhou Chen, Sun Yuwei, Wu Haonan, Zhao Yuyang, Shen Shuaihang. Experimental investigation of explosion suppression in H₂/NH₃/air mixtures using Na₂CO₃-5A zeolite composite powder[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2026, 36(9): 52-60.

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Na₂CO₃-5A分子筛改性复合粉体抑制H₂/NH₃/空气爆炸试验

Experimental investigation of explosion suppression in H₂/NH₃/air mixtures using Na₂CO₃-5A zeolite composite powder

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