中国安全科学学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6): 109-115.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.06.018

• 安全工程技术科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

煤层复合射孔增透技术研究

赵丹1,2 副教授, 李斌1,2, 雷云3,4, 潘竞涛3,4   

  1. 1 辽宁工程技术大学 安全科学与工程学院,辽宁 阜新 123000;
    2 矿山热动力灾害与防治教育部重点实验室,辽宁 葫芦岛 125105;
    3 煤科集团沈阳研究院有限公司,辽宁 沈阳 110016;
    4 煤矿安全技术国家重点实验室,辽宁 抚顺 113122
  • 收稿日期:2019-02-03 修回日期:2019-04-20 发布日期:2020-11-02
  • 作者简介:赵丹(1982—),女,辽宁阜新人,博士,副教授,主要从事矿井通风与瓦斯防治等方面的研究。E-mail:zhaosixiaojie_20@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助(51204088)。

Research on permeability enhancement of coal seam by compound perforation technology

ZHAO Dan1,2, LI Bin1,2, LEI Yun3,4, PAN Jingtao3,4   

  1. 1 College of Safety Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin Liaoning 123000, China;
    2 Key Laboratory of Mine Power Disaster and Prevention of Ministry of Education, Huludao Liaoning125105, China;
    3 CCTEG Shenyang Research Institute, Shenyang Liaoning 110016, China;
    4 State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Safety Technology, Fushun Liaoning 113122, China
  • Received:2019-02-03 Revised:2019-04-20 Published:2020-11-02

摘要: 为增加低渗透高瓦斯煤层的透气性,提高瓦斯利用率和抽采效率,提出复合射孔爆破增透技术。基于弹性力学和断裂力学理论,分别建立复合射孔爆燃气体压裂裂纹的起裂强度因子和裂纹二次扩展半径方程,研究复合射孔爆破增透技术的煤岩裂隙增扩机制;采用FLAC3D有限差分模拟软件分析煤层爆破钻孔内不同长度的裂缝对爆破致裂增透效果的影响,并开展工业试验对比井下复合射孔爆破和常规深孔预裂爆破效果,运用SF6示踪气体研究煤层透气性的变化特征,确定预裂后煤层瓦斯抽采半径。结果表明:复合射孔爆破后煤层透气性与常规深孔预裂爆破相比有显著提高,有效半径可达5m;数值模拟和现场试验结果均证明,采用复合射孔爆破增透煤层能够有效增加煤层透气性,提高抽采率。

关键词: 透气性, 复合射孔, 煤岩裂隙, SF6示踪气体, 增透效果, 有效半径

Abstract: In order to increase the permeability of low permeability and high gas seam and improve gas utilization and extraction efficiency, a composite perforation blasting technology was proposed. Based on the theories of elastic mechanics and fracture mechanics, the crack strength factor and the crack secondary propagation radius equation of composite perforated detonation gas fracturing crack were established respectively, and the mechanism of coal rock fracture expansion was studied. FLAC3D finite difference simulation software was used to analyze the effect of different lengths of cracks in blasting borehole on the effect of blasting and penetration. Industrial tests were carried out to compare the effects of underground composite perforation blasting and conventional pre-splitting blasting, and the gas extraction radius of coal seam after pre-splitting was determined by the variation characteristics of gas permeability. The results show that the gas permeability of coal seam after compound perforation blasting is significantly higher than that of conventional deep hole pre-splitting blasting and the effective radius can reach 5 m, and that the numerical simulation and field test prove that the gas permeability of coal seam can be effectively increased and the extraction rate can be improved by using compound perforation blasting.

Key words: air permeability, composite perforation, coal-rock fracture, SF6 tracer gas, permeability improvement effect, effective radius

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