埋地燃气管道在土壤中小孔泄漏扩散特性研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.10.0145

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (10): 160-166.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.10.0145

埋地燃气管道在土壤中小孔泄漏扩散特性研究

邓兵兵¹(), 谢昱姝¹, 邓方²^,^**(), 葛悦¹, 吕良海¹, 张晓峰¹

¹ 北京市科学技术研究院城市安全与环境科学研究所安全风险与防灾减灾研究中心,北京 100054
² 北京市燃气集团有限责任公司高压管网分公司,北京 100011

收稿日期:2023-04-12 修回日期:2023-07-19 出版日期:2023-10-28
通讯作者:
**邓方(1988—),男,河南周口人,硕士,工程师,主要从事城镇燃气运营管理相关工作。E-mail:dengfang137@126.com。
作者简介:
邓兵兵 (1991—),男,河南周口人,硕士,助理研究员,主要从事城市安全风险评估、燃气运行安全风险管理等方面的研究。E-mail:dengbing567@163.com。
谢昱姝研究员
邓方工程师
葛悦副研究员
吕良海研究员
张晓峰高级工程师
基金资助:
北京市科技计划课题(Z201100008120002)

Research on leakage and diffusion of buried gas pipeline through small holes

DENG Bingbing¹(), XIE Yushu¹, DENG Fang²^,^**(), GE Yue¹, LYU Lianghai¹, ZHANG Xiaofeng¹

¹ Safety Risk and Disaster Prevention and Reduction Research Center, Institute of Urban Safety and Environmental Science, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100054, China
² High Pressure Pipe Network Branch, Beijing Gas Group Co.,Ltd., Beijing 100011, China

Received:2023-04-12 Revised:2023-07-19 Published:2023-10-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为减少因燃气管道泄漏而导致的爆炸事故,基于泄漏扩散模型和试验,探究管道泄漏后燃气在土壤中的扩散特性。建立全尺度燃气管道小孔泄漏试验系统,模拟埋地燃气管道小孔泄漏情形,采集土壤中甲烷体积分数,分析其随时间变化特性、与泄漏口距离关系,以及土壤系数、压力波动对甲烷体积分数影响,并与理论模型对比,分析模型值与试验值的差异,进而提出对理论模型的修正意见。研究结果表明:土壤中甲烷体积分数随时间的变化呈现陡增—稳定、S型、线性3种趋势;在管道泄漏一定时间后,土壤中甲烷体积分数与距泄漏口的距离呈现指数关系;燃气在土壤中的扩散受土壤物性参数影响;土壤中甲烷体积分数饱和时间为模型值的1/10,低压情况下,近距离土壤中燃气饱和浓度为模型值的2倍,高压情况下,远距离土壤中燃气饱和浓度为模型值的5倍。

关键词: 埋地燃气管道, 土壤, 小孔泄漏, 扩散特性, 甲烷体积分数

Abstract:

This study aims to reduce explosion accidents by exploring the law of gas diffusion in soil after pipeline leakage based on leakage diffusion model and experimental study. In this study, the leakage of small holes in buried gas pipeline was simulated by establishing a full-scale experimental system on gas pipeline, and gas samples in soil were collected. The law of concentration change was analyzed, such as how methane volume fraction change with time, what is the relationship between the gas concentration and the distance from the leakage points, and how soil coefficients and pressure fluctuations in pipelines influence methane volume fraction. Those data were compared with leakage diffusion model to explore the differences between the model values and experimental values, and then suggestions were proposed for revising leakage diffusion model. The results show that, firstly, the change of methane volume fraction in soil shows three trends with time: increasing steeply and getting stable, S-shape and linear. Secondly, the methane volume fraction has an exponential relationship with the distance of the leakage point after a certain amount of leakage time. Thirdly, diffusion of gas in soil is affected by the physical parameters of soil. Fourthly, the saturation time of methane volume fraction in soil is 1/10 of the model value. Under low pressure, the saturation concentration of gas in close range soil is twice that of model value, while under high pressure, the saturation concentration of gas in distant soil is 5 times that of model value.

Key words: buried gas pipeline, soil, leakage of small holes, diffusion, methane volume fraction

邓兵兵, 谢昱姝, 邓方, 葛悦, 吕良海, 张晓峰. 埋地燃气管道在土壤中小孔泄漏扩散特性研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2023, 33(10): 160-166.

DENG Bingbing, XIE Yushu, DENG Fang, GE Yue, LYU Lianghai, ZHANG Xiaofeng. Research on leakage and diffusion of buried gas pipeline through small holes[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2023, 33(10): 160-166.

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试验编号	管道压力/MPa	管径/mm	泄漏口直径/mm
工况1	2.5×10^-3	20	4
工况2	20×10^-3	160	6
工况3	20×10^-3	160	6
工况4	0.1	160	6

状态	岩土类型	天然含水率w/%	饱和度 h	孔隙比 e	颗粒组成占比(粒径/mm)
状态	岩土类型	天然含水率w/%	饱和度 h	孔隙比 e	[0.5,2)	[0.25, 0.5)	[0.075, 0.25)	[0.05, 0.075)	[0.01, 0.05)	[0.005, 0.01)	[0.002, 0.005)
1	黏质粉土	25.1	0.85	0.80	1.3	0.4	7.3	42.2	27.8	10.2	10.8
2	黏质粉土	16.2	0.55	0.80	1.0	1.0	6.3	45.6	29.5	9.2	7.4

工况	渗透系数k	平均粒径 d/mm	孔隙度e	测点2₂₁、2₃₁ 距泄漏口距离/m	测点4₂₁、4₃₁ 距泄漏口距离/m
2	0.054	0.065	0.8	2	4
3	0.01	0.072	0.99	2	4

埋地燃气管道在土壤中小孔泄漏扩散特性研究

Research on leakage and diffusion of buried gas pipeline through small holes

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