司钻房爆炸载荷场景下的人员安全撤离分析方法

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.11.0427

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (11): 150-155.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.11.0427

司钻房爆炸载荷场景下的人员安全撤离分析方法

朱敬宇¹^,²(), 陈国明^**(), 张少禹¹, 齐心歌³

¹ 应急管理部天津消防研究所,天津 300381
² 中国石油大学(华东) 海洋油气装备与安全技术研究中心,山东青岛 266580
³ 中国民航大学安全科学与工程学院,天津 300300

收稿日期:2023-05-17 修回日期:2023-08-18 出版日期:2023-11-28
通讯作者:
**陈国明(1962—),男,浙江绍兴人,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从海洋油气工程及装备、油气安全工程方面的研究。E-mail:offshore@126.com。
作者简介:
朱敬宇 (1992—),男,河南永城人,博士,助理研究员,主要从事海洋平台井喷燃爆技术、风险评估技术、人员安全撤离技术等方面的研究。E-mail:zhujingyu@tfri.com.cn。
陈国明教授
张少禹研究员
齐心歌讲师
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0804501); 天津市自然科学基金资助(22JCQNJC01720)

Analysis method for drillers' safety evacuation under explosion load condition of driller house

ZHU Jingyu¹^,²(), CHEN Guoming^**(), ZHANG Shaoyu¹, QI Xin'ge³

¹ Tianjin Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of MEM, Tianjin 300381, China
² Centre for Offshore Engineering and Safety Technology, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao Shandong, 266580, China
³ College of Safety Science and Engineering Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China

Received:2023-05-17 Revised:2023-08-18 Published:2023-11-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为有效降低井喷失控场景下人员的应急疏散风险,提出针对司钻房控制室爆炸载荷的安全撤离分析方法。首先,根据司钻房控制室载荷设计规范和布局,确定司钻房的爆炸载荷阈值;然后,运用多能法初步估计爆炸载荷阈值对应的等效气云体积,并构建井喷失控场景平台爆炸仿真模型,借助逆推法确定爆炸载荷的可燃气云体积阈值;最后,针对井喷重组分气体扩散过程的危险气云体积变化曲线,确定不同场景下的可用安全疏散时间T_A,通过对比所需安全疏散时间T_R,判断人员能否安全撤离。结果表明:所提方法可以针对多种井喷场景下的人员安全撤离给出指导建议,其中,井喷速率和风速对T_A有显著影响,当风速增至7 m/s时可以保证司钻人员的安全撤离,而井喷速率的增加则会显著降低T_A,当井喷速率>390 m/s时,会威胁司钻人员的安全撤离。

关键词: 司钻房, 爆炸载荷, 安全撤离, 井喷事故, 可燃气云

Abstract:

To reduce the emergency evacuation risk of driller house under a blowout scenario, a safe evacuation analysis method for driller under the explosion load condition of driller house was proposed. Firstly, the explosion load threshold of the driller house was determined according to the load design norms and the layout of the driller house. The equivalent gas cloud volume was initially determined by utilizing the multi-energy method. Furthermore, the volume threshold of the combustible gas cloud for explosion load was determined by the inversion method based on constructed simulation model of the platform explosion under the blowout scenario. Finally, T_A value of the driller was determined according to the volume change of the gas cloud during the heavy component gas diffusion process. By comparing T_A with T_R, it could be judged whether the driller could evacuate safely. The results show that this method can provide forward suggestions for drillers in various blowout scenarios, in which the blowout rate and wind speed have great significant impacts on T_A value. The safe evacuation of the driller can be ensured when the wind speed increases to 7 m/s. In comparison, increasing the blowout rate can significantly reduce T_A value. It is a threat to the safe evacuation of drillers when the blowout rate is greater than 390 m/s.

Key words: driller house, explosion load, safety evacuation, blowout accidents, flammable cloud

朱敬宇, 陈国明, 张少禹, 齐心歌. 司钻房爆炸载荷场景下的人员安全撤离分析方法[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2023, 33(11): 150-155.

ZHU Jingyu, CHEN Guoming, ZHANG Shaoyu, QI Xin'ge. Analysis method for drillers' safety evacuation under explosion load condition of driller house[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2023, 33(11): 150-155.

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参考文献 12

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墙面	符号	数值
前墙载荷	P_r/kPa	45.22
	P_s/kPa	22.41
	t_e/s	0.049
侧壁及房顶面载荷	P_a/kPa	18.34
侧壁及房顶面载荷	t_r/s	0.009
后墙载荷	P_b/kPa	18.34
后墙载荷	t_r/s	0.018
司钻房载荷	P_l/kPa	15.28

气云体积/m³	各墙面中心监测点压力/kPa					均值/ kPa
气云体积/m³	M1	M2	M3	M4	M5	均值/ kPa
2 100	23.80	20.40	16.10	12.50	9.90	16.54
2 000	21.70	17.90	15.00	12.00	10.10	15.34
1 950	18.70	17.00	15.30	11.90	10.90	14.76
1 900	19.40	16.60	14.50	11.70	9.70	14.38
1 800	19.10	16.50	13.60	11.20	9.30	13.94
1 700	16.00	13.50	11.20	10.60	9.00	12.06
1 500	15.00	12.80	11.00	10.20	8.60	11.52

司钻房爆炸载荷场景下的人员安全撤离分析方法

Analysis method for drillers' safety evacuation under explosion load condition of driller house

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