基于损失定量的防汛应急物资配置优化研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.11.2124

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (11): 189-195.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.11.2124

基于损失定量的防汛应急物资配置优化研究

王伟¹(), 王芸清¹, 黄莉²^,^**(), 余志成¹, 李云瑶¹

¹ 河海大学港口海岸与近海工程学院,江苏南京 210098
² 河海大学公共管理学院,江苏南京 211100

收稿日期:2023-05-26 修回日期:2023-08-18 出版日期:2023-11-28
通讯作者:
**黄莉(1982—),女,陕西汉中人,博士,副教授,主要从事水灾害应急管理方面的研究。E-mail:lily8214@126.com。
作者简介:
王伟 (1979—),男,湖北天门人,博士,教授,主要从事水灾害应急物流、港口物流等方面的研究。E-mail:13813826667@163.com。
黄莉副教授
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目资助(71974052); 国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3001002); 江苏省水利科技计划项目(2020023)

Research on optimization of flood control emergency material allocation based on loss quantification

WANG Wei¹(), WANG Yunqing¹, HUANG Li²^,^**(), YU Zhicheng¹, LI Yunyao¹

¹ College of Harbour, Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing Jiangsu 210098
² College of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing Jiangsu 211100

Received:2023-05-26 Revised:2023-08-18 Published:2023-11-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为优化防汛应急物资在各个应急节点仓库的配置,从多仓库协同储备角度,构建最短运输时间、最小储运成本(含最少运输费用、最小储备成本)、最少缺货损失等多目标优化的防汛应急物资配置优化模型。在构建缺货损失定量函数时,采用重心法处理需求量。采用进化算法求解模型,经方法对比后选用NSGAII算法求解结果,最终确定模型的帕累托解,再用逼近理想解排序法(TOPSIS)筛选确定最优配置方案,从而合理确定不同类别的防汛应急物资在各仓库的储备规模。设定洪涝灾害为强降水影响下13个地级市均产生物资需求的情况,以江苏省水利防汛物资储备中心5大分中心的仓库物资配置为例,进行实证分析。结果表明:优化后的物资储备方案可大幅降低缺货损失和运输成本,有助于提高防汛应急调度效率。

关键词: 防汛应急物资, 物资配置, 优化配置方案, 缺货损失, 运输成本

Abstract:

To optimize the allocation of flood control emergency materials in each emergency node warehouse, from the perspective of multi-warehouse collaborative storage, a multi-objective optimization model for the allocation of flood control emergency materials was established, including the shortest transportation time, the smallest storage and transportation cost, and the least out-of-stock loss. When constructing the quantitative function for out-of-stock loss, the center of gravity method was used to process the demand quantity. Using evolutionary algorithms to solve the model, NSGAII algorithm was selected to obtain the Pareto solution of the model, and then Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution(TOPSIS) was used to screen and determine the optimal allocation scheme, so as to reasonably determine the storage scale of different types of flood control emergency materials in each warehouse. Setting flood disasters as the average demand for biological resources in 13 prefecture level cities under the influence of heavy rainfall and taking the material allocation of the five sub-center warehouses of Jiangsu Provincial Water Resource and Flood Control Material Reserve Center as an example, empirical analysis was conducted. The results show that the optimized reserve scheme greatly reduces the out-of-stock loss and transportation cost and improves the efficiency of flood control emergency dispatch.

Key words: flood control emergency material, material allocation, optimized reserve scheme, out-of-stock loss, transport cost

王伟, 王芸清, 黄莉, 余志成, 李云瑶. 基于损失定量的防汛应急物资配置优化研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2023, 33(11): 189-195.

WANG Wei, WANG Yunqing, HUANG Li, YU Zhicheng, LI Yunyao. Research on optimization of flood control emergency material allocation based on loss quantification[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2023, 33(11): 189-195.

图/表 8

图1

表1

重要模型符号说明

符号	符号说明
α	仓库到受灾点广义上的单位距离运输成本
$d j k l$ /托盘	B_j的第k种物资的需求量的下限值
$d j k u$ /托盘	B_j的第k种物资的需求量的上限值
$t j k$ /h	第k种物资到达B_j所用的时间
r	资金折现率
C_i/元	仓库建设投入费用
$h i k$ /元	i地第k种物资的单位库存物资费
m₀	管理费费率
$φ j k$ /元	B_j的第k种物资单位缺货损失价值
l_ij/km	A_i到B_j的距离
t_j/h	物资到达B_j的时间总和
e_j	B_j的经济损失系数
P_j/元	B_j的缺货损失费用
F_si/元	A_i的储存成本费用
λ_i/a	储备中心的建设使用年限

表1

图2

表2

表3

表4

表5

图3

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仓库物资	镇江中心	徐州中心	苏州中心	扬州中心	南京中心
袋类	0	5 883	2 877	4 205	0
土工布	237	784	250	480	0
钢管	0	0	0	53	0
彩条布	0	1 500	1 950	1 599	0
救生衣	200	100	0	932	0
发电机	2	2	0	0	0
工作灯	0	33	38	63	2
铁锹	0	0	0	600	0
帐篷	0	0	0	28	0

仓库	镇江中心	徐州中心	苏州中心	扬州中心	南京中心
苏州	3	6	0.5	2.5	3
南京	1.5	4.5	3	2	0.5
无锡	2	6	0.5	2.5	2.5
南通	3.5	5.5	1.5	2.5	3.5
常州	1.5	5	1.5	2	2
徐州	5	0.5	6	4	4.5
扬州	1	4	2.5	0.5	2
盐城	3.5	3.5	3	2.5	3.5
泰州	2	5	2	1.5	2
镇江	0.5	5	3	1	1.5
淮安	4	2.5	4	2.5	2.5
连云港	7	2	5	4	4
宿迁	5	1.5	5	3	3

仓库	镇江中心	徐州中心	苏州中心	扬州中心	南京中心
苏州	170	520	10	200	230
南京	68	328	214	92	20
无锡	139	494	47	174	187
南通	180	500	115	175	258
常州	80	419	91	110	128
徐州	360	10	522	329	328
扬州	35	329	197	21	91
盐城	200	316	276	191	277
泰州	81	371	158	65	150
镇江	10	353	165	34	66
淮安	214	206	324	185	200
连云港	363	200	448	320	323
宿迁	290	121	449	270	273

仓库	镇江中心	徐州中心	苏州中心	扬州中心	南京中心
袋类	1 600	1 100	3 070	3 530	1 860
土工布	320	180	290	690	270
钢管	14	12	2	15	10
彩条布	1 100	590	999	1 589	771
救生衣	260	260	140	300	240
发电机组	1	1	1	1	0
工作灯	26	12	4	57	35
铁锹	200	60	50	140	150
帐篷	5	5	3	5	10

基于损失定量的防汛应急物资配置优化研究

Research on optimization of flood control emergency material allocation based on loss quantification

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