基于DEMATEL-AISM的起重驾驶员态势感知与行为响应模型

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.09.0096

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为深入挖掘起重驾驶员态势感知信息-行为的因果关系,结合ENDSLEY态势感知模型与决策实验室分析(DEMATEL)-对抗解释结构模型(AISM)方法,构建起重驾驶员态势感知与行为响应模型。首先,以起重作业任务为研究对象,使用态势感知理论分析驾驶员行为响应过程,获取信息要素;其次,基于DEMATEL法,量化研究要素间的相互关系,得到综合影响矩阵,进而分析要素的属性及特征值,确定模型的关键要素;最后,采用AISM获得原因-结果属性稳定的层级结构,据此构建起重驾驶员态势感知与行为响应信息模型。结果表明: 得到包含轨迹预测与规划、避碰等关键要素的22个要素及影响关系构成的5层信息模型;而且,模型明确了信息要素属性特征、影响关系及影响程度,较好地解释了驾驶员态势感知及行为响应过程。

关键词: 决策实验室分析(DEMATEL), 对抗解释结构模型(AISM), 起重驾驶员, 态势感知, 行为响应

Abstract:

To have a deep understanding of the causal relationship between crane drivers' situation awareness information and behavior, the situation awareness and behavior response model of crane drivers was proposed by combining the ENDSLEY situation awareness model with the DEMATEL-AISM method. Firstly, the situation awareness theory was used to analyze the driver's behavioral response process and obtain information factors during the crane operation task. Secondly, the DEMATEL method was used to quantitatively analyze the association between the factors and determine a comprehensive influence matrix. Moreover, the attributes and characteristic values of the factors were analyzed to identify the key factors. Finally, a stable hierarchical structure of cause-effect attributes obtained by the AISM was used to propose the situation awareness and behavior response model of crane drivers. The results revealed that a five-layer information model consisted of 22 elements and influence relationships such as key elements of trajectory prediction and planning, and collision avoidance. Furthermore, the proposed model clarified the attribute characteristics, influence relationships, and influence degree among the information elements, offering a deep understanding of the crane driver's situation awareness and behavior response.

Key words: decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL), adversarial interpretive structure modeling (AISM), crane driver, situation awareness, behavior response

中图分类号:

X952

晋良海, 刘皓, 武帮杰, 石辉, 何诗语. 基于DEMATEL-AISM的起重驾驶员态势感知与行为响应模型[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(9): 1-8.

JIN Lianghai, LIU Hao, WU Bangjie, SHI Hui, HE Shiyu. Situation awareness and behavior response model of crane drivers based on DEMATEL-AISM[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(9): 1-8.

图/表 8

图1

图2

表1

表2

表3

表4

要素对抗轮换抽取层级划分

层级	结果-原因抽取方法	原因-结果抽取方法	综合要素层级
L₅	M₇,M₈,M₉,M₁₀, $M 18,$ M₂₀,M₂₁,M₂₂	M₇,M₈,M₉,M₁₀,M₁₈	M₇,M₈,M₉,M₁₀,M₁₈
L₄	M₄,M₅,M₆	M₄,M₅,M₆	M₄,M₅,M₆
L₃	M₁₆,M₁₇	M₁₆,M₁₇	M₁₆,M₁₇
L₂	M₁,M₂,M₃,M₁₁,M₁₂,M₁₃,M₁₅	M₁,M₂,M₃,M₁₁,M₁₂,M₁₃,M₁₅	M₁,M₂,M₃,M₁₁,M₁₂,M₁₃,M₁₅
L₁	M₁₄,M₁₉	M₁₄,M₁₉M₂₀,M₂₁,M₂₂	M₁₁,M₁₂
活动要素		M₂₀,M₂₁,M₂₂

表4

图3

图4

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信息要素	释义
起重臂位置M₁	观察起重机起重臂的具体位置
小车位置M₂	观察小车(运载机构)的位置
吊钩高度M₃	观察起重机吊钩的垂直高度
起重臂操纵杆控制M₄	通过操纵杆对起重臂进行的操控行为
小车操纵杆控制M₅	通过操纵杆对起重机上小车的操控行为
吊钩操纵杆控制M₆	通过操纵杆对吊钩的升降进行的操控行为
起重臂运动状态M₇	观察起重臂的运动情况(方向、速度等)
小车运动状态M₈	观察起重机小车运动情况
吊钩运动状态M₉	观察吊钩运动情况
负载运动状态M₁₀	观察负载运动方向和姿态
风向风速M₁₁	在起重作业环境中风的方向和速度
障碍物识别M₁₂	识别环境中的可能的障碍物
与就位点相对位置M₁₃	判断负载相对于预定放置位置的关系
发现负载M₁₄	确认负载的起始位置, 标志任务开始
负载类型识别与处理M₁₅	识别负载的类型并采取相应的策略
轨迹预测与规划M₁₆	负载移动轨迹的预测和规划
避碰M₁₇	起重作业中采取措施避免与障碍物碰撞
光线与视野管理M₁₈	确保良好的视野和充足的照明
地面团队协同M₁₉	作业过程中与信号工等地面作业团队的沟通合作
生命维持系统M₂₀	维持驾驶员生理状况良好的基础工作条件
极端天气M₂₁	需要停止作业的极端气象条件
故障预警M₂₂	起重机械或系统出现故障警报

要素	D	C	E	F	G	要素	D	C	E	F	G
M₁	0.895	0.25	1.145	0.645	0.052	M₁₂	0.347	0.2	0.547	0.147	0.025
M₂	0.895	0.25	1.145	0.645	0.052	M₁₃	0.347	0.2	0.547	0.147	0.025
M₃	0.895	0.25	1.145	0.645	0.052	M₁₄	1.569	0	1.569	1.569	0.071
M₄	0.6	0.729	1.329	-0.129	0.06	M₁₅	0.347	0.3	0.647	0.047	0.029
M₅	0.45	0.729	1.179	-0.279	0.053	M₁₆	1.316	1.425	2.741	-0.109	0.123
M₆	0.3	0.729	1.029	-0.429	0.046	M₁₇	1.316	1.438	2.753	-0.122	0.124
M₇	0	0.503	0.503	-0.503	0.023	M₁₈	0	0.9	0.9	-0.9	0.041
M₈	0	0.762	0.762	-0.762	0.034	M₁₉	1.484	0	1.484	1.484	0.067
M₉	0	1.021	1.021	-1.021	0.046	M₂₀	0	0	0	0	0
M₁₀	0	1.021	1.021	-1.021	0.046	M₂₁	0	0	0	0	0
M₁₁	0.347	0.4	0.747	-0.053	0.034	M₂₂	0	0	0	0	0