非稳定含煤地层隧道施工中瓦斯异常涌出防控技术

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2026.04.0133

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (4): 85-93.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2026.04.0133

非稳定含煤地层隧道施工中瓦斯异常涌出防控技术

王立川¹(), 肖红武², 安丰华³^,⁴^,^**(), 刘延龙², 王兆丰⁴, 周宗青⁵

¹ 中铁十八局集团有限公司, 天津 300222
² 中铁二十三局集团有限公司, 四川成都 610072
³ 中国矿业大学力学与土木工程学院, 江苏徐州 221116
⁴ 河南理工大学安全科学与工程学院, 河南焦作 454003
⁵ 山东大学齐鲁交通学院, 山东济南 250002

收稿日期:2025-11-14 修回日期:2026-02-05 出版日期:2026-04-28
通信作者:
**安丰华(1984—),男,山东临沂人,博士,副教授,主要从事工程管理、矿山灾害防治方面的研究。E-mail:fenghuazm009@126.com。

作者简介:

王立川 (1965—),男,河南孟州人,博士,正高级工程师,主要从事隧道与地下工程的建设技术、缺陷与病害成因分析和整治技术、爆破振动与冲击波传播规律等方面的工作。E-mail:wlc773747@126.com。

肖红武, 正高级工程师

刘延龙, 正高级工程师

王兆丰, 教授

周宗青, 教授

基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2022YFB2302403-05); 国家自然科学基金资助(52474266); 国家自然科学基金资助(52174172); 中铁二十三局集团有限公司科技研发计划(2019-10C)

Prevention and control technologies for abnormal gas emission in tunnel construction through unstable coal-bearing strata

Wang Lichuan¹(), Xiao Hongwu², An Fenghua³^,⁴^,^**(), Liu Yanlong², Wang Zhaofeng⁴, Zhou Zongqing⁵

¹ China Railway 18^th Bureau Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300222, China
² China Railway 23^rd Bureau Group Co., Ltd., Chengdu Sichuan 610072, China
³ School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116, China
⁴ School of Safety Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo Henan 454003, China
⁵ School of Qilu Transportation, Shandong University, Ji'nan Shandong 250002, China

Received:2025-11-14 Revised:2026-02-05 Published:2026-04-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为治理非稳定含煤地层条件下隧道瓦斯异常涌出风险,以成昆铁路扩改项目保安营1号隧道1号斜井工区为对象,通过现场测试、数值模拟和工程试验相结合的方法,研究瓦斯涌出特征、异常涌出风险判识方法及防控技术。结果表明:隧道瓦斯源于洞身穿过地层中的不稳定煤层、碳质岩,围岩含煤、含碳情况及地质体破碎程度与瓦斯涌出息息相关;可采用物探+钻探综合测试方法,以不良地质体、岩性变化、钻孔瓦斯体积分数及涌出量作为多元辨识指标,确立瓦斯异常涌出超前判识方法;针对非稳定赋存瓦斯异常涌出风险,提出“钻墙”高效截流防治技术,在隧道两侧钻场内施工围绕掘进隧道的“钻墙”钻孔,抽截煤岩瓦斯。现场应用结果证明:此方法有助于减少施工干扰,提高进尺速度。

关键词: 非稳定含煤地层, 隧道施工, 瓦斯异常涌出, 防控技术, 超前判识方法, 截流抽采

Abstract:

To prevent the risk of abnormal gas emissions during tunnel excavation through unstable coal-bearing strata, this study focused on the inclined shaft section of Baoanying No.1 Tunnel in the Chengdu-Kunming Railway Expansion Project. Through on-site monitoring, numerical simulation, and engineering application, gas emission patterns, risk identification methods, and prevention technologies were investigated. The results indicate that tunnel gas originates from unstable coal seams and carbonaceous rocks within the strata, and gas emissions correlate strongly with coal/carbon content in surrounding rocks and the degree of geological fracturing. Then an integrated geophysical-geological drilling approach was employed to establish an advanced identification method for abnormal gas emissions. This method utilizes multiple indicators: unfavorable geological bodies, lithological variations, borehole gas concentrations, and emission rates. A "borehole curtain" interception technique was developed for high-efficiency gas risk prevention and control. Boreholes arranged in curtain patterns were drilled from both side chambers to intercept and extract coal-rock gas ahead of the advancing tunnel face. Field applications demonstrate that this technology reduces construction interference and increases advance rates.

Key words: unstable coal-bearing strata, tunnel construction, abnormal gas emission, control technology, advanced identification method, interception and drainage

中图分类号:

X936
U25

王立川, 肖红武, 安丰华, 刘延龙, 王兆丰, 周宗青. 非稳定含煤地层隧道施工中瓦斯异常涌出防控技术[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2026, 36(4): 85-93.

Wang Lichuan, Xiao Hongwu, An Fenghua, Liu Yanlong, Wang Zhaofeng, Zhou Zongqing. Prevention and control technologies for abnormal gas emission in tunnel construction through unstable coal-bearing strata[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2026, 36(4): 85-93.

图/表 10

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

表1

图8

图9

参考文献 22

[1]	赵树磊, 孙兵, 陈稳干, 等. 超高海拔隧道施工人员生理指标变化及劳动强度研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(4):239-246. doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.04.1748
	Zhao Shulei, Sun Bing, Chen Wen'gan, et al. Physiological indicators and labor intensity of tunnel construction workers at ultra-high altitude[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(4):239-246. doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.04.1748
[2]	王海洋, 赵树磊, 陈祥, 等. 我国隧道瓦斯事故统计及影响因素分析[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2021, 31(4):34-40. doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2021.04.005
	Wang Haiyang, Zhao Shulei, Chen Xiang, et al. Statistics and influencing factors analysis of tunnel gas accidents in China[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2021, 31(4):34-40. doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2021.04.005
[3]	张丹. 铁路隧道高瓦斯工区施工技术经济现状分析[J]. 铁路工程技术与经济, 2021, 36(6):46-48.
	Zhang Dan. Analysis on the current situation of construction technology and economy in high gas work area of railway tunnel[J]. Railway Engineering Technology and Economy, 2021, 36(6):46-48.
[4]	夏正君, 李丽. 西南地区大断面瓦斯铁路隧道专项措施及费用分析[J]. 现代隧道技术, 2023, 60(增刊1):1-6.
	Xia Zhengjun, Li Li. Special measures and cost analysis of large-section gas railway tunnel in southwest China[J]. Modern Tunnel Technology, 2023, 60(S1):1-6.
[5]	王阅章. 基于正交试验的瓦斯隧道施工通风方案优化研究[J]. 中国公路学报, 2021, 66(12):395-403.
	Wang Yuezhang. Research on optimization of ventilation scheme for gas tunnel construction based on orthogonal test[J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport, 2021, 66(12):395-403.
[6]	任松, 牟其博, 李玉, 等. 脉动通风在螺旋隧道施工期的应用研究[J]. 中国安全生产科学技术, 2021, 17 (11): 144-151.
	Ren Song, Mou Qibo, Li Yu, et al. Application research of pulsed ventilation construction period of spiral tunnel[J]. Journal of Safety Science and Technology, 2021, 17(11): 144-151.
[7]	冉楗, 王林峰, 李鸣, 等. 考虑开挖过程的瓦斯隧道施工通风影响机制:以鸡鸣隧道为例[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2022, 22 (2): 804-811.
	Ran Jian, Wang Linfeng, Li Ming, et al. Influence mechanism of gas tunnel construction ventilation considering excavation process: a case study of Jiming tunnel[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2022, 22 (2): 804-811.
[8]	龙港, 黄飞, 李树清, 等. 大断面公路隧道穿越构造煤层瓦斯抽放技术研究[J]. 隧道建设(中英文), 2022, 42(增刊1): 486-492.
	Long Gang, Huang Fei, Li Shuqing, et al. Study on gas extraction technology of cross-structural coal seam in large-section highway tunnel[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2022, 42(S1): 486-492.
[9]	邓华易. 超高压水力割缝增透技术在隧道大断面快速揭煤中应用研究[J]. 煤炭技术, 2022, 41(9): 118-120.
	Deng Huayi. Application of ultra-high pressure hydraulic slit permeation enhancement technology in rapid coal removal in large section of tunnel[J]. Coal Technology, 2022, 41(9): 118-120.
[10]	李文树, 周东平, 郭臣业, 等. 大断面瓦斯隧道“五步法”预测揭煤技术应用研究[J]. 地下空间与工程学报, 2019, 15(1):262-268.
	Li Wenshu, Zhou Dongping, Guo Chenye, et al. Research on the application of "five-step method" prediction of coal removal technology for large-section gas tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2019, 15(1):262-268.
[11]	任宏伟. 穿突出煤层隧道瓦斯抽排参数对抽排效果的影响分析:以扎西隧道为例[J]. 隧道建设(中英文), 2023, 43(2):257-264.
	Ren Hongwei. Analysis on the influence of gas extraction parameters on pumping effect of tunnel through outburst coal seam: a case study of Tashi tunnel[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2023, 43(2):257-264.
[12]	杨玉容, 黄红婷, 晏启祥, 等. 铁路隧道穿越瓦斯煤系地层的旋喷围桩防突工法探析[J]. 隧道建设(中英文), 2022, 42 (7): 1 300-1 307.
	Yang Yurong, Huang Hongting, Yan Qixiang, et al. Analysis on the anti-outburst construction method of rotary grouting enclosure pile for railway tunnel crossing gas coal measure strata[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2022, 42(7): 1 300-1 307.
[13]	李永金. 宝鼎矿区采煤沉陷区损毁特征及治理措施研究[J]. 煤炭技术, 2021, 40(5):128-131.
	Li Yongjin. Study on damage characteristics and management measures of coal mining subsidence area in Baoding mining area[J]. Coal Technology, 2021, 40(5):128-131.
[14]	高为, 韩忠勤, 金军, 等. 六盘水煤田煤层气赋存特征及有利区评价[J]. 煤田地质与勘探, 2018, 46(5):81-89.
	Gao Wei, Han Zhongqin, Jin Jun, et al. Occurrence characteristics and assessment of favorable areas of coalbed methane exploration in Liupanshui coalfield[J]. Coal Geology & Exploration, 2018, 46(5):81-89.
[15]	刘家民, 杨枫, 李晓洪, 等. 汶马高速公路鹧鸪山隧道非煤地层瓦斯赋存特性与风险防控研究[J]. 现代隧道技术, 2023, 60(4):172-177.
	Liu Jiamin, Yang Feng, Li Xiaohong, et al. Study on occurrence characteristics and risk prevention measures of gas in non-coal strata in Zhegushan tunnel on Wenchuan-Maerkang expressway[J]. Modern Tunnel Technology, 2023, 60(4):172-177.
[16]	袁传保, 张广泽, 宋章. 川西复杂隧道特殊瓦斯灾害成因及特征研究[J]. 铁道工程学报, 2023, 40(8):29-34.
	Yuan Chuanbao, Zhang Guangze, Song Zhang. Study on the causes and characteristics of special gas disasters in complex tunnels in western Sichuan[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society, 2023, 40(8):29-34.
[17]	王朋, 宋章, 张广泽, 等. CZ铁路隧道重难点地质问题及减灾防治对策[J]. 铁道工程学报, 2020, 37(12):89-94.
	Wang Peng, Song Zhang, Zhang Guangze, et al. Important and difficult geological problems of tunnel and its disaster reduction and prevention measures for CZ railway[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society, 2020, 37(12):89-94.
[18]	张营旭, 陈明浩, 苏培东, 等. 南大巴山地区隧道有害气体特征分析[J]. 铁道工程学报, 2022, 39(12):86-90,109.
	Zhang Yingxu, Chen Minghao, Su Peidong, et al. Analysis of harmful gas characteristics in tunnels in southern Dabashan area[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society, 2022, 39(12):86-90,109.
[19]	翟强, 顾伟红, 赵映璎. 基于未确知测度理论的隧道施工瓦斯灾害风险评价[J]. 铁道科学与工程学报, 2021, 18(3):803-812.
	Zhai Qiang, Gu Weihong, Zhao Yingying. Risk assessment of gas disaster in tunnel construction based on unascertained measurement theory[J]. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering, 2021, 18(3):803-812.
[20]	李志强, 鲜学福, 姜永东, 等. 地球物理场中煤层气渗流控制方程及其数值解[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2009, 28(增刊1):3 226-3 233.
	Li Zhiqiang, Xian Xuefu, Jiang Yongdong, et al. Seepage control equation of coalbed methane in geophysical field and its numerical solutions[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2009, 28(S1):3 226-3 233.
[21]	赵文杰, 赵洪宝, 荆士杰. 深部储层岩石渗流的滑脱效应研究:以煤和砂岩为例[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2024, 43(9):2 189-2 200.
	Zhao Wenjie, Zhao Hongbao, Jing Shijie. Research on the slippage effect of deep reservoir rock seepage: a case study of coal and sandstone[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2024, 43(9):2 189-2 200.
[22]	Liu Shimin, Harpalani S. Permeability prediction of coalbed methane reservoirs during primary depletion[J]. International Journal of Coal Geology, 2013, 113: 1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.coal.2013.03.010

参数	值	参数	值
a/(m³/t)	21.09	原始瓦斯压力/MPa	0.5
b/MPa^-1	1.13	b_p/MPa	0.35
孔隙率/%	4.3	弹性模量/GPa	3.0
煤体密度/(t/m³)	1.43	泊松比	0.38
T/K	293	${\varepsilon }_{Lv}^{s}$/%	3
M_g/(g/mol)	16	抽采负压/kPa	20

非稳定含煤地层隧道施工中瓦斯异常涌出防控技术

Prevention and control technologies for abnormal gas emission in tunnel construction through unstable coal-bearing strata

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 10

参考文献 22

相关文章 11

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	王春源, 张桓, 马洪亮, 梁庆华. 浅埋深线圈瞬变电磁场超前探测响应及应用[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(5): 75-81.
[2]	张念, 周彩凤, 万飞, 刘非, 王耀耀, 徐栋梁. 基于BERT-BiLSTM-CRF的隧道施工安全领域命名实体识别[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(12): 56-63.
[3]	周佳媚, 沈文杰, 朱宇, 樊霁, 殷建纲, 吴奇. 铁路隧道施工期冰块降温技术研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(6): 44-52.
[4]	魏强, 刘加奇, 王景春, 王鹏. 基于理想模糊物元的隧道施工安全韧性评估^*[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2021, 31(8): 62-68.
[5]	张巨峰, 施式亮, 鲁义, 游波. 矿井瓦斯与煤自燃共生灾害:耦合关系、致灾机制、防控技术[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2020, 30(10): 149-155.
[6]	伍毅敏, 邵帅, 傅鹤林, 柳墩利, 刘常军, 马哲. 隧道衬砌拱顶脱空分析及主动监测预防方法^*[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2019, 29(S1): 186-191.
[7]	刘辉, 张智超. 定量改进HAZOP法在瓦斯隧道施工通风安全中的应用[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2017, 27(4): 92-97.
[8]	游鹏飞. 地铁隧道施工风险机理分析[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2012, 22(4): 116-.
[9]	刘辉，张智超，王林娟. 2004-2008年我国隧道施工事故统计分析[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2010, 20(1): 96-.
[10]	钱双彬，董军，李玲. 隧道盾构施工下穿地铁车站出入口安全影响分析[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2009, 19(1): 172-.
[11]	白明洲，王连俊，许兆义. 岩爆危险性预测的神经网络模型及应用研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2002, 12(4): 65-.