铁路隧道施工期冰块降温技术研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.06.2326

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为优化高地温隧道施工使用冰块降温时冰块用量和布置参数,基于凝固融化理论,建立隧道通风+冰块降温数值模型,以体积分数为研究指标,探究隧道中冰块用量、比表面积和放置高度对冰块本身融化速率的影响;对比分析不同工况下隧道温度场演变特征,得出降温效果最佳的冰块降温方案。结果表明:冰块用量从1 m³/侧增加到2.5 m³/侧,隧道内平均温度降低8 ℃;比表面积为6×10^-6 m²/g 的薄壁式冰块融化速率是比表面积为5 ×10^-6 m²/g的块状冰块的1.6倍;冰块位置抬升2 m后,相同时间隧道内温度相较于未抬升工况多降低2 ℃左右;选用1.5~2.5 m³/侧薄壁式冰块抬升2m放置的冰块降温方案,可在隧道施工中获得显著的降温效果。

关键词: 隧道施工, 冰块降温, 高地温, 体积分数, 温度场

Abstract:

In order to optimize usage amount and layout parameters of ice blocks used for cooling effect in high geothermal tunnel construction, a numerical model of tunnel ventilation and ice block cooling was established based on solidification and melting theory. With volume fraction as a research index, influence of usage amount, specific surface area and placement height on melting rate of ice blocks was studied. Then, evolution characteristics of tunnel temperature fields under different working conditions were compared and analyzed, and optimal ice block cooling scheme was obtained. The results show that average temperature in the tunnel decreases by 8 ℃ when ice volume increases from 1 m³/side to 2.5 m³/side. The melting rate of thin-walled ice block with specific surface area of 6×10^-6 m²/g is 1.6 times higher than that of the block with 5×10^-6 m²/g. Moreover, after the block is lifted by 2 m, temperature at the same time is reduced by about 2 ℃ compared with non-lifting condition. Remarkable cooling effect in tunnel can be achieved for the scheme with 1.5-2.5 m³/side thin-wall ice being lifted by 2 m.

Key words: tunnel construction, ice cooling, high ground temperature, volume fraction, temperature field

周佳媚, 沈文杰, 朱宇, 樊霁, 殷建纲, 吴奇. 铁路隧道施工期冰块降温技术研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(6): 44-52.

ZHOU Jiamei, SHEN Wenjie, ZHU Yu, FAN Ji, YIN Jian'gang, WU Qi. Research on ice block cooling technology during railway tunnel construction[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2022, 32(6): 44-52.

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原始地层温度t/℃	地温带分级	长度/ m	占比/ %	热害等级
(28, 37)	低高温带(Ⅱ)	3 840	12.1	轻微
[37, 50)	中高温带(Ⅲ)	8 300	26.2	中等
[50, 60)	高高温带(Ⅳ)	4 390	14	较严重
≥60	超高温带(Ⅴ)	260	0.8	严重

材料	空气	围岩
热导率λ/(W·m^-1·K^-1)	0.024	3.25
热容c_ρ/(J·kg^-1·K^-1)	1 005	885