Characteristics of mining overburden and surface movement under influence of faults

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.12.0126

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to study the overlying rock and surface response of working faces with faults under mining disturbance, numerical simulation, theoretical analysis, and on-site measurement methods were first used to study the characteristics of overlying rock and surface migration and stress response under the influence of mining near fault working faces. Secondly, a numerical simulation model was established and the characteristics of overlying rock failure and stress response in the mining area near the fault working face were analyzed by combining "fracture arch" and "stress arch". Then, a mechanical model of fault plane slip was established, and the activation tendency of the fault plane in the mining of the hanging wall of the fault was quantitatively analyzed by combining the fault slip tendency index Q_s. Finally, the on-site measurement method was used to analyze the surface movement and deformation characteristics of the fault hanging wall under the influence of mining in Daping coal mine in the Zhengzhou mining area. The research findings indicate that under mining disturbances, the maximum width of "fracture arch" development reaches 221.5 m, and the maximum height reaches 110 m, resulting in a width-to-height ratio of approximately 1∶2. The faulted working face exhibits characteristics of "stress arch" with an asymmetric structure. With the increase of fault depth, the slip tendency of the fault surface shows a trend of increasing, then decreasing, and increasing again. In the curved subsidence zone at the same depth, the slip tendency gradually increases. In the fissure zone at the same depth, it initially decreases before increasing again. In the collapsed zone at the same depth, it increases rapidly. The protective coal pillar on the hanging wall of the fault is left with a 30 m fault that is not activated. The bedrock movement angle and boundary angle of Daping coal mine are 8.8 and 4.6 degrees smaller than those on the working face under general geological conditions in the Zhengzhou mining area, respectively, and 6.7 degrees smaller than those on the working face without faults in the same coal mine.

Key words: fault influence, overburden migration, surface movement, stope stress, slip tendency

GUO Wenbing, LIU Xuan, YANG Weiqiang, WU Pengfei, ZHANG Yihui. Characteristics of mining overburden and surface movement under influence of faults[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2023, 33(12): 38-46.

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岩层	密度/ (kg·m^-3)	体积模量/ GPa	剪切模量/ GPa	黏聚力/ MPa	内摩察角/ (°)	抗拉强度/ MPa	节理法向刚度/ (GN·m^-1)	节理切向刚度/ (GN·m^-1)
表土层	1 960	0.28	0.093	1.70	25	0.35	0.20	0.20
泥岩	2 250	4.39	2.27	2.16	26	3.80	0.18	0.18
砂质泥岩	2 580	2.56	2.36	0.90	36	2.06	2.36	2.36
中粒砂岩	2 700	3.31	2.50	4.92	37	2.86	5.00	5.00
粉砂岩	2 580	3.98	3.26	4.28	35	2.55	7.60	7.60
细粒砂岩	2 540	2.70	1.88	2.36	23	1.32	0.49	0.49
煤	1 400	1.10	0.73	1.54	22	0.90	1.00	1.00
石灰岩	2 800	4.53	1.69	9.80	36	3.80	4.60	4.60
断层带	2 150	4.31	2.30	2.20	20	1.80	0.22	0.22

名称		基岩移动角/(°)	基岩边界角/(°)
名称		上山	上山
郑州矿区	范围	65~75.5	56~59.8
郑州矿区	平均值	71.3	57.9
大平煤矿13091		73.4	—
大平煤矿21071		66.7	49.1