Dynamic control for variable speed limit in merging zones considering rainfall intensity heterogeneity

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.07.1016

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to alleviate the traffic congestion induced by different rainfall intensities, a dynamic control method of variable speed limit in merging zones considering rainfall intensity heterogeneity was proposed. The impacts of capacity reduction and vehicle lane-changing probability on the traffic flow state were comprehensively considered, and the dynamic relationship between rainfall intensity heterogeneity and vehicle free-flow speed was explored. Then, a traffic flow prediction model was constructed based on the cell transmission model. Taking into account the total travel time and total turnover, the variable speed limit optimization model was constructed, considering the influence of rainfall intensity heterogeneity on the variable speed limit value solution, and the optimal variable speed limit dynamic control method was obtained by using the particle swarm algorithm. Simulation and analysis of the evolution of traffic flow under different speed limit control methods were conducted. The results show that when implementing the RVSL under light, moderate, and heavy rainfall, the objective function is reduced by 8.41%, 40.57%, and 32.91% compared with variable speed limit (VSL), and by 17.48%, 55.14% and 44.69% compared with fixed speed limit (FSL). The method can effectively reduce congestion and improve the efficiency of the highway.

Key words: rainfall intensity heterogeneity, freeway merging zone, variable speed limit considering effect of rain (RVSL), cell transmission model (CTM), model predictive control (MPC)

CLC Number:

X951交通运输安全

MA Fei, GUO Yaru, YANG Zhijie, ZHANG Yujie, MA Zhuanglin, XU Yufeng. Dynamic control for variable speed limit in merging zones considering rainfall intensity heterogeneity[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2025, 35(7): 57-66.

Figures/Tables 13

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拟合类型	拟合公式	拟合指数
线性	p=-0.003 7v+1.071 0	0.988 7
指数	p=1.089 5exp(-0.005v)	0.997 3
对数	p=-0.167ln(v)+1.471 5	0.940 0
多项式	p=10^-5v²-0.005 0v+1.090 7	0.997 2

降雨类型	R/(mm·min^-1)	q/m	v/(km^.h^-1)
小雨	0.59	399.62	96.07
中雨	0.87	284.69	79.45
大雨	1.57	170.03	59.03
暴雨	5.72	54.99	27.65

元胞	真实流量/ (pcu·h^-1)	仿真流量/ (pcu·h^-1)	真实速度/ (km·h^-1)	仿真速度/ (km·h^-1)
1	2 628	2 640	90.0	91.1
2	2 716	2 609	90.4	90.7
3	2 706	2 592	90.8	90.3
4	2 637	2 569	91.1	90.1
5	2 608	2 536	92.1	90.2
6	2 567	2 508	92.8	90.2
7	2 568	2 463	93.8	90.1
8	2 495	2 455	94.7	90.1
9	2 517	2 427	95.2	89.9
10	2 511	2 399	95.5	89.9

降雨强度	RVSL	VSL	FSL
小雨	53.48	58.39	64.81
中雨	141.65	238.36	315.75
大雨	193.99	289.14	350.72