China Safety Science Journal

From passive safety to active safety: discussion on core logic of production safety governance

LAN Qi, LIU Sanjiang, REN Chongbao, TAN Mingbo

2020, 30(10): 1-11. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2020.10.001

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In order to explore main contradiction and future development directions of production safety governance, development trend from passive safety to active safety was systematically discussed and theories of safety governance were further enriched and improved. Firstly, through literature analysis and practice research methods, economy, technology, management, and culture were extracted as basic, supporting, ensuring and leading influencing factors of safety governance. Secondly, a system dynamics model was established and influencing mechanism of these factors was revealed. Then, according to contradiction and development theory based on historical materialism and materialist dialectics, it was put forward that the major contradiction in China's future-oriented safety governance lied in that between safety and culture. Finally, development framework of safety governance was designed based on contradiction analysis. The results show that future production safety governance should focus on aspects of economy, technology, management and culture, among which culture will be core logic to achieve transformation of passive safety to active safety.

Comparative study on work safety supervision system of defense industry between China and USA

JIN Hao, PAN Changcheng, CHEN Jian, ZHAO Jiechao, GUO Jianhua, WANG Yongjie

2020, 30(10): 12-19. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2020.10.002

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In order to improve safety supervision level and performance of China's national defense industry, comparative analysis was made in supervision system between China and USA by employing research paradigm of comparative safety management. Firstly, a comparative model was constructed and implementation steps were proposed. Secondly, historical development of work safety supervision system of defense industry from two countries was studied. Finally, a comparative study between two systems was conducted by analyzing similarities and differences in terms of regulatory objectives, regulatory agencies, regulatory models, legal system structure and characteristics. The results show that the two systems share similar evolution history though there exist some differences in their contents. China's national defense industry is in a key reform period, and can learn from the US from aspects of supervision organization, technical services, legal institution and systematic standardization.

Research on formation mechanism of miners' unsafe behaviors based on TPB

AN Yu, WANG Hui, LI Ziqi, ZHANG Jiangbonan, TONG Ruipeng

2020, 30(10): 20-26. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2020.10.003

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In order to effectively manage miners' unsafe behaviors, analyze the contributing factors and mechanism of miners' unsafe behaviors holistically and systematically, from a psychological perspective, unsafe behaviors were divided into intentional and unintentional behaviors based on their subjectivity.Then, an accident causation model was developed based on TPB and 2-4 model, and validated by using Meta-analysis. The results show that these two categories of unsafe behaviors have different formation mechanisms and are explained by different combinations of organizational and individual factors related to safety. The main influencing factors of unintentional behaviors are personal drivers, including safety awareness, safety knowledge, safety habits and safety physiology. Those of intentional behaviors are behavior intentions, namely attitude toward action, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control.

Identification and evaluation of key factors for quality and safety performance in air traffic control units

CHEN Fang, YANG Shiqi, SHEN Ruiyu

2020, 30(10): 27-33. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2020.10.004

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In order to promote performance-based organization building and improve evaluation on quality and safety performance in air traffic control units, firstly, process factors were identified based on management points of standard regulations, and outcome factors identified from perspectives of flight safety, flight punctuality and service quality. Secondly, key factors that influenced quality and safety performance were determined by using Spearman correlation coefficient method. Then, an evaluation model was developed as a combination of matter element extension and cloud model based on triangular fuzzy entropy weight method. Finally, with a regional air traffic control unit as an example, the evaluation model was applied to determine its performance grade. The results show that there are 9 key factors for its quality and safety performance, including managers' commitment, risk management, unsafe incident conditions caused by air traffic control, etc, and its performance rating is ‘good'. Moreover, the model can solve problems of fuzziness, randomness and index incompatibility during evaluation process.

Influence study on pedestrian-vehicle interaction behaviors based on optimistic bias

GUO Jinping, WANG Duo

2020, 30(10): 34-40. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2020.10.005

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In order to reduce human-vehicle conflicts triggered by unsafe behaviors, evolution mechanism of human-vehicle interaction behaviors were analyzed from perspective of optimistic bias, and a human-environment-risk relationship model based on perceptual reasoning was proposed. On this basis, three groups of interaction experiments with different risk scenarios were designed. The results show that decline in risk exposure will stimulate optimistic bias, which will lead to unsafe behaviors, and such exposure shows a negative correlation with hidden risks. And risks with higher exposure are more likely to trigger unsafe behaviors when exposure level decreases. Effective rules to restrain behaviors can increase psychological cost of violations, and the major ways to reduce unsafe behaviors of pedestrian are optimizing environmental design and blocking spread of halo effects.

Research on influencing factors of chemical construction workers' safety behaviors

DAI Nana, YANG Li, ZHU Junqi

2020, 30(10): 41-46. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2020.10.006

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In order to reduce casualties during chemical construction, based on samples of employees from domestic branches in Anqing and Qingdao and overseas ones in Singapore, Brunei, Malaysia and Panama of a chemical construction company, a structural equation model (SEM) of workers' safety behaviors and its influencing factors was established with work cognition, safety investment, safety communication, safety climate and safety skills as potential variables. Then, these data were analyzed by using SPSS24.0 and AMOS21.0. The results show that there is an interactive relationship between every two potential variables. Safety communication and safety skills play part of mediating effects on safety behaviors. Multi-group analysis reveals that strengthening safety investment and enhancing safety communication are conducive to improving safety behaviors, and influence of safety investment on safety behaviors decreases along with increase of income.

Research on deep organizational cause analysis of serious railway accidents based on ISM-24Model

ZUO Borui, SHUAI Bin, HUANG Wencheng

2020, 30(10): 47-54. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2020.10.007

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In order to explore deep organizational cause mechanism for serious railway accidents, an ISM-24Model analysis framework was built by integrating 24Model and ISM. Firstly, individual and organizational factors were identified following 24Model logic recognition procedure. Then, a comprehensive influence matrix of organizational factors based on ISM method combined with DEMATEL was established to calculate reachability matrix, and relative importance and hierarchical structure among organizational factors were obtained. Finally, with "10·21" accident of Taiwan Railway as an example, 33 unsafe personal factors and 14 organizational factors were identified in the framework. The analysis results of influence relationship and hierarchical structure of organizational factors show that lack of understanding of safety input is a core organizational factor that leads to accidents, while safety training system is the most centralized one that is affected by adverse effects. Therefore, taking diversified measures to rectify missing organizational factors can avoid recurrence of accidents from root. The conclusion shows that ISM-24Model is an effective supplement to 24Model as it can effectively explore law of organizational causes in accidents.

Numerical simulation on spatio-temporal distribution regularities of blasting dust mass concentration in open quarry

ZHENG Xiazhong, YANG Qiu, JIN Lianghai, ZHENG Yuhang, LUO Han, MA Guofeng

2020, 30(10): 55-62. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2020.10.008

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In order to explore influencing factors and spatio-temporal distribution law of blasting dust diffusion in open quarry, with Yangfanggou Jinbo quarry as research background, physical and chemical factors of blasting dust diffusion and local wind factors were analyzed considering spatial deployment characteristics of bench excavation. Then, spatio-temporal distribution regularities of blasting dust mass concentration was numerically simulated by using fluid mechanics finite element method. Finally, simulation results were visualized and analyzed. The results show that an air flow vortex generates at bottom of open quarry due to impacts of excavation space deployment, and vortex effect of suction trough is significant in diffusion process of blasting dust. Within 5-20 s after blasting, dust forms a distribution belt of high concentration of 1.2×10^-3kg/m³-2×10^-3kg/m³. Within 20-100 s, the belt gradually disappears, and dust concentration tends to be high in north and low in south. And when it comes to 100-800 s, dust particles reduce bit by bit, and spatial distribution law is relatively stable. It is suggested that spray equipment for dust reduction should be arranged in high concentration distribution belt formed by vortex effect and north side of open quarry with spray angle for the latter being relatively larger.

Research and application of anti-reflection technology of hydraulic fracturing

JIA Jinzhang, GE Jiaqi, ZHEN Wenhao, ZHAO Dan

2020, 30(10): 63-68. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2020.10.009

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In order to solve problems of low permeability and low gas extraction rate in coal seams, permeability enhancement of hydraulic fracturing was numerically simulated by using discrete element software RFPA^2D-flow. Firstly, effect of different water pressure on single-hole fracture propagation was simulated. Secondly, multi-point hydraulic fracturing was simulated, and influence of single fracturing of center hole and simultaneous fracturing of peripheral hole on development state of crack growth was analyzed. Finally, taking Mabao coal mine as working background, anti-reflection effect of hydraulic fracturing was comprehensively evaluated based on theoretical analysis and research and field industrial test. The results show that redistribution of borehole stress can ensure accuracy and reliability of numerical simulation results. Induced stress can affect propagation direction of fracture developed later, making it easier to form a network structure with that developed first, thus verifying anti-reflection mechanism of hydraulic fracturing. In addition, when water pressure is 27 MPa, simulation result of effective radius of fracturing is 2.8 m, which is basically consistent with actual radius of 3 m.

Research on evolutionary game of hazardous materials transportation and supervision based on multi-sectoral collaboration

WANG Wei, WANG Xiaonan, DING Lili, ZHANG Wensi, ZHANG Hui

2020, 30(10): 69-74. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2020.10.010

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In order to solve problems of illegal transportation of hazardous materials (hazmats) transportation enterprises and inadequate supervision of government departments, an evolutionary game model with a hazmats transportation enterprise and two regulation departments as subjects was established, and evolutionary game equilibrium of these three parties were analyzed. Then, regulatory effects of multi-sectoral collaboration were simulated by using evolutionary simulation. Finally, influence process of changes of illegal transportation fines, regulatory costs and regulatory success rates on decision of transportation enterprise and government authorities was revealed. The results show that multi-sectoral collaboration can help improve regulatory success rate of illegal transportation, promote legal operation in enterprises and close supervision by government authorities. It is conducive to reducing regulation costs and increase supervision enthusiasm of departments. Moreover, such collaboration is beneficial to impose reasonable fines for illegal transportation, but fines can only suppress such behaviors when regulation success rate is high.

Research and application of pulsating acid fracturing technology in coal seam

JIA Nan

2020, 30(10): 75-81. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2020.10.011

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In order to solve permeability problem of coal seams with rich minerals, based on hydraulic fracturing theory and mechanism of permeability enhancement by acid solution dissolving coal minerals, pulsating acid fracturing technology was proposed. Then, acid liquid ratio suitable for Zhongneng coal mine was determined by laboratory permeability test method, and field experiment was carried out. The results show that average mixed flow rate and volume fraction of gas extracted from fracturing hole are 3.10 times and 3.39 times of that of ordinary drainage hole, 1.23 times and 1.28 times of that of pulsating hydraulic fracturing hole, and 2.02 times and 2.04 times of that of ordinary hydraulic fracturing hole. By integrating physical enhancement of fractured coal caused by pulse stress wave and chemical enhancement of acid solution coal, pulsating acid fracturing improves development of fracture-pore space structure, and increases gas diffusion and seepage channel in coal. Meanwhile, carbon dioxide generated by acidifying reaction has a displacement effect on gas, which is conducive to efficient and continuous gas extraction.

Analysis of deformation and mechanical characteristics of buried pipelines in mining subsidence areas

REN Jiandong, WANG Wen, DONG Miao, GAO Shisong

2020, 30(10): 82-89. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2020.10.012

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In order to study influence of coal seam mining on buried natural gas pipelines in gas-coal overlap areas, stress and deformation characteristics of pipelines under mining influence were studied by using theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, and a mathematic model for deformation under different mining levels was established. It was obtained that stress state at top of pipelines changed from tension to compression and the other way round for bottom part under vertical stress, while under horizontal stress, both top and bottom parts were subject to tensile stress, and direction of force on left and right sides of inflection point was opposite. The results show that deformation of buried pipelines in subsidence areas can be represented by Gaussian function. And under vertical stress, stress state of top and bottom parts shows reverse symmetry up and down while left-and-right symmetry regarding subsidence center. Entire force state of pipelines is left-and-right symmetrical surrounding subsidence center.

Study on application of surfactant compound in coal seam water injection for dust reduction

WENG Anqi, YUAN Shujie, WANG Xiaonan, MA Ruifeng

2020, 30(10): 90-95. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2020.10.013

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In order to prevent and control coal dust pollution during mining in fully mechanized working face, with bituminous coal seam in a mine in Heilongjiang as an research object, water injection experiments in coal seam for dust reduction were carried out. Firstly, four surfactants were selected, namely sodium secondary alkyl sulfonate (H95), dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (1227), coconut oil amide propyl betaine (CAB-35), coconut oleate diethanolamide (CDEA). Then, they were mixed in pairs according to their CMC to obtain six solutions. Finally, surface tension, contact angle and reverse osmosis of monomer and compound solution were tested respectively. The results show that compound solution of 0.05% H95 and 0.05% CDEA has the best wettability to coal. After adding compound surfactant, removal rates of total dust were 83.96%, 76.17% and 72% respectively at coal cutting place, hydraulic support shifting place and belt conveyor transferring place after water injection, and that of respirable dust were 79.29%, 73.95% and 70.3% separately.

Study on layout of roadway in sublevel fully mechanized caving mining of near-vertical and extremely-thick coal seam

ZHONG Taoping, LI Zhenlei, LIU Xudong, SONG Dazhao, FENG Panfei, LI Donghui

2020, 30(10): 96-104. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2020.10.014

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In order to optimize layout of roadways in sublevel fully mechanized caving mining of near-vertical and extremely-thick coal seam, with mining project of near-vertical coal seams in Wudong coal mine as engineering background, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and other methods were adopted to study distribution law of surrounding rock stress and displacement as well as stability of whole-coal and semi-coal roadways. Stress concentration of surrounding rock for roof side roadway was significantly higher than that for floor side one. In case of whole-coal roadway, its deformation was greater while stress concentration was relatively lower, and deformation of surrounding rock made a leading factor that affects its stability. However, for semi-coal roadway, stress of surrounding rock became a major factor as deformation of roadway was smaller while stress concentration is relatively higher. The results show that with deformation, stress concentration and stability control of surrounding rocks taken into consideration, a whole-coal roadway without retained coal skin would be a better option for near-vertical and extremely-thick coal seams.

Analysis on exposure of disaster-bearing bodies and pedestrians' instability risk under urban waterlogging

SONG Yinghua, ZHANG Zhe, FANG Danhui

2020, 30(10): 105-111. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2020.10.015

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In order to reduce casualties and property losses caused by urban floods, a urban flood model of Wuhan south lake was established based on hydraulic model of MIKE 21. Firstly, flood process, which was synthesized by rainstorm intensity formula and Chicago rain pattern, was simulated for designed rainfall with different recurrence periods, rainfall duration of 120 min and a storm peak coefficient of 0.4. Then, exposure of roads, buildings and other disaster-bearing bodies were analyzed from dimensions of rainfall time and water depth by utilizing GIS spatial analysis technology. Lastly, with water accumulation points for rainfall once in 20 years selected, instability risk of pedestrians within a certain range was analyzed. The results show that exposure of disaster-bearing bodies in the region is positively correlated with change of rainstorm recurrence period, and maximum exposure is concentrated in 60-80 min after rainfall. Moreover, pedestrians will have 65 min instability risk after 45-110 min of rain, for which early warning should be made and preventive measures be taken.

Experimental study on suppression effects of inert gas/red mud two-phase inhibitors on gas explosion

SUN Chaolun, ZHANG Yimin, PEI Bei, WANG Yan, MENG Xiangqing, JI Wentao

2020, 30(10): 112-118. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2020.10.016

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In order to develop new gas/solid two-phase inhibitors, impacts of CO₂ and N₂/red mud two-phase inhibitors on maximum explosion pressure and average flame propagation velocity of methane were tested via a gas explosion experimental platform. Then, difference of gas explosion suppression performance between two-phase inhibitors and single-phase inhibitors was compared. The results show that inert gas/red mud two-phase inhibitor has dual explosion suppression effect which is better than that of single-phase inhibitors on methane explosion and increases with growth of inert gas's volume fraction and red mud's mass concentration. Meanwhile, there is a critical volume fraction for inert gas. If it is higher than this critical value, needed concentration of red mud to completely suppress the methane explosion is lower. However, in case of lower volume fraction, that of red mud will increase obviously.

Research on comprehensive risk assessment of forest fire in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

JIANG Qin, ZHONG Shaobo, ZHU Wei

2020, 30(10): 119-125. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2020.10.017

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In order to improve risk management of forest fire in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, based on public safety triangle theory, a total of 14 indicators in three categories were obtained and processed through Remote Sensing and Geography Information System (GIS). Then, their weights were determined by entropy weighting method, and comprehensive forest fire risk of the region was calculated and analyzed by utilizing GIS. Finally, this evaluation method was verified by comparing assessment results with historical fire data. The results show that major influencing factor for hazard is density of residential areas, that is vegetation coverage for target sensitivity, per capita GDP for target exposedness and fire force development for rescue capability. It is also found that comprehensive risk of forest fire has been decreasing from 2005 to 2015 in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.

Comprehensive fire risk assessment of Guizhou minority villages

SUN Wei, WEI Shanyang, TIAN Xiao, XU Shiqing, SHI Mei

2020, 30(10): 126-133. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2020.10.018

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In order to solve great fire hazards and difficulties in fire prevention and rescue in ethnic minority villages, a hierarchical fire risk assessment model was established for a representative village in Guizhou by using AHP. Then, impact relationship between various indicators was obtained through ISM, and index weights were determined by ANP. Finally, grey relational analysis was introduced to determine relevance degree of environmental influence factors before fire hazard levels in such villages were acquired by applying matter-element extension model. The results show that the largest evaluation index weight is fire load density, accounting for 11.8% while the smallest is fire station grade, accounting for 0.4%. After evaluation, 10 indexes reaches safest level, namely level four, making up for 32.2%, and 5 indexes reaches the most dangerous level, namely level one for 15.41%. The comprehensive risk level of these minority villages is level 3, which is comparatively low.

Difference in thermal radiation threshold of people under fire accidents

FENG Jiaojiao, WANG Jinghong, LI Jia, JIN Bowei, CHEN Manman, WANG Zhirong

2020, 30(10): 134-140. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2020.10.019

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In order to ensure rationality of fire repulsion calculation in evacuation model and reduce casualties in fire accidents, field test was conducted. Firstly, radiation of a real fire source was simulated with a radiant heating plate at surface temperature of 600 and 900 ℃ used as a radiator, and maximum distance for subjects with different heights, genders and approaches was recorded. Then, multi-factor difference of their thermal radiation threshold under pressure of escape during evacuation was calculated and compared. The results show that thermal radiation threshold of individuals is related to height, gender and herd mentality in conformity with a normal distribution. It is positively and linearly correlated with height for a single person, and two-person approach can increase individuals' tolerance to thermal radiation. Moreover, female's tolerance is lower than male, but more stable. As a reference for improving fire repulsion and ensuring personnel safety, thermal radiation threshold should be less than 3.49 kW/m² for a single-person approach, while less than 4.52 kW/m² in case of two-people approach.

Study on parameters of seismic isolated simple-supported beam bridges with HDR under pulse-type near-field earthquake

LI Yu, CHEN Ming, ZHAO Guohui

2020, 30(10): 141-148. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2020.10.020

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In order to study impacts of design parameters of simple-supported beam bridges on seismic response under pulse-type near-field earthquake motion, equivalent single-pier model of seismic isolated simple-supported beam bridges with HDR bearing were built by using SAP2000. Then, with typical near-field earthquake motions as inputs, change curves of seismic response of HDR beam bridges influenced by pier height and mass and equivalent isolated degree were obtained. The results show that the shorter the pier is, the larger equivalent period of beam bridges will increase. The higher it is, the greater peak displacement is. Meanwhile, seismic isolation effect of HDR is reduced when pier is more than 35 m high. Increase of pier mass has a adverse effect on it. Moreover, equivalent isolated degree of HDR has strong correlation with near-field seismic response of these beam bridges. When it is<2.0, seismic isolation effect will be bad but will improve along with increase of equivalent isolated degree when it is>3.0.

Symbiotic disasters of mine gas and coal spontaneous combustion: coupling relationship, disaster mechanism, prevention and control technology

ZHANG Jufeng, SHI Shiliang, LU Yi, YOU Bo

2020, 30(10): 149-155. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2020.10.021

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In order to explore key scientific issues of prevention and control of gas and coal spontaneous combustion in mines, and to develop intelligent technology and equipment as well as to ensure safe mining of high gassy and flammable coal seam, based on complex evolution process of multi-scale, multi-temporal and multi-physical-chemical field coupling, symbiotic disasters were analyzed from two aspects, namely inhibition of gas on coal oxidation and spontaneous combustion and impacts of the latter on gas explosion limit. Then, a fluid solid coupling model of gas drainage and a fluid solid thermal coupling model of coal spontaneous combustion were established to reveal mechanism of symbiotic disasters considering deformation process of coal matrix caused by its gas diffusion and seepage, fracture gas air mixed flow and coal adsorption or desorption. Finally, prevention and control theory and technology were summarized, and future development trend was prospected. The results show that such symbiotic disaster is an outcome of multiple coupling in air leakage oxygen field, heat storage temperature field, gas distribution field, etc., and the key of its prevention and control lies in accurate identification of dynamic risks, real-time early warning and rapid implementation of responsive measures.

Influence of big five personality on TSA of emergency rescue team: a model with dual moderating effects

JIANG Hui, WEN Guanqun, WANG Zhenxiong

2020, 30(10): 156-163. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2020.10.022

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In order to explore formation mechanism of TSA for emergency rescue teams, and to clarify influence of personality, individual situation awareness (ISA) and social network relationship on its formation, relationships between these variables were empirically studied. Firstly, 364 senior students from fire command department of China people's Police University, selected as participants, were divided into 40 teams to rescue trapped victims in collapsed buildings after an earthquake, and their ISA and TSA data were collected during this drill. Then, their Big Five personality and daily CND data were acquired by online questionnaires. Finally, a dual regulation model with Openness dimension and neuroticism dimension from Big Five personality as independent variables and ISA and CND as moderating variables was constructed by regression analysis. The results indicate that Openness positively predicts TSA, and the higher Openness a team has, the higher TSA there will be. However, neuroticism negatively predicts TSA, and the lower neuroticism, the higher TSA there will be. Improvement of average ISA can enhance predictive effects of these two factors above while improvement of CND does the opposite.

Study on emergency disposal process and mechanism for hazardous chemicals storage areas

LI Ji, SONG Fumei, BAI Song

2020, 30(10): 164-170. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2020.10.023

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In order to improve response efficiency for abnormal situations and typical accidents in hazardous chemicals storage areas, an emergency disposal process was established, including monitoring, response, rescue and information, in which elements, framework, and relationship as well as operating mechanism were studied. Monitoring platform displayed all index data and abnormal alarm information from all warehouses in real time, and in case of uncontrollable emergencies, sub-modules would be started in order, which included emergency calls, on-site investigation, warning areas establishment, evacuation guidance, fire rescue, medical rescue and rescue material support. All these steps were closely linked and formed a chained response framework. The results show that emergency calls are classified into three levels according to scope of personnel involved in accidents, and setting mode of warning area is determined by whether leakage substance is toxic. Meanwhile, three measures for emergency coordination are proposed, and a command platform based on augmented reality (AR) technology is introduced as an aided tool platform.

Optimization model and algorithm of emergency supplies allocation-transportation in earthquake disasters

LIN Yong, XIAO Hua, ZHANG Li, QI Lei

2020, 30(10): 171-178. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2020.10.024

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In order to address new problems in allocation-transportation of emergency supplies when direct paths and detour paths coexist in earthquake disasters, and to provide emergency managers with diversified decision-making schemes, an optimization model of allocation-transportation was developed aiming at minimizing sums of loss and time comparison effects. Secondly, by improving velocity and parameter update strategies of MOPSO algorithm, and incorporating a code modification strategy for modifying unfeasible solution to a feasible one, a MOPSO algorithm based on code modification (MOPSO-CM) was presented to solve the model. Finally, effectiveness of it and the algorithm was verified through numerical examples. The results show that the proposed model and algorithm can effectively solve new problems in allocation-transportation, and can provide multiple optimization schemes for emergency management decision makers

Research on work fatigue assessment of video investigators

XU Feng

2020, 30(10): 179-185. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2020.10.025

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In order to prevent decline in analysis and judgment capability and missing of important information caused by fatigue due to long-time, high-intensity and high-maintenance work in video investigation, subjective and objective work fatigue of video scouts in S city was studied. Subjective assessment introduced influence of visual fatigue and environmental factors based on fatigue self-assessment scale. Then, for objective assessment, functional assessment of biomechanics (FAB) and Eegosports electroencephalograph device were used to measure movement state and EEG signals of workers at different working hours, and fatigue state of head and neck and change rules of δ waves in EEG were analyzed. The results show that Cronbach coefficient of the scale is 0.821 7, which has a good internal consistency. Average score of work fatigue is 1.94 points, indicating obvious fatigue. Moreover, fatigue degree of middle and night shifts are relatively more significant, especially at end of night shift when physical and mental fatigue of operators reaches the peak

Development of a fast testing device for eye guards

SHANG Jinglin

2020, 30(10): 186-190. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2020.10.026

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In order to improve quality control of eye guards and reduce testing period so as to guarantee safety of human eyes and promote export of products, luminous transmittance requirements and testing methods in domestic and foreign standards were analyzed. Then, based on broadband light source measurement method stipulated in the latest published international standard, a fast testing device was developed according to actual demand. Finally, it was calibrated by standard oculars. The results show that luminous transmittance requirements and testing methods vary significantly in standards of different countries. The newly developed testing device is accurate and fast, so it can be widely used as a standard testing instrument to measure luminous transmittance for eye guards.

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