高速列车铝合金MIG接头应力腐蚀失效研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.06.2061

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (6): 115-122.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.06.2061

高速列车铝合金MIG接头应力腐蚀失效研究

林森¹(), 韩晓辉¹^,^**(), 李刚卿¹, 王鹏¹, 赵存金¹, 杨志斌²

1 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,山东青岛 266111
2 大连交通大学材料科学与工程学院,辽宁大连 116028

收稿日期:2022-02-07 修回日期:2022-05-11 出版日期:2022-06-28 发布日期:2022-12-28
通讯作者: 韩晓辉
作者简介:
林森 (1990—),男,山东临沂人,博士,工程师,主要从事轨道车辆连接技术研发、焊接接头组织与性能调控等方面的工作。E-mail: linsen_phd@163.com。
韩晓辉,正高级工程师
李刚卿,正高级工程师
王鹏,高级工程师
杨志斌,副教授

Research on stress corrosion crack failure of MIG joints on aluminum alloy of high-speed trains

LIN Sen¹(), HAN Xiaohui¹^,^**(), LI Gangqing¹, WANG Peng¹, ZHAO Cunjin¹, YANG Zhibin²

1 CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co., Ltd., Qingdao Shandong 266111, China
2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian Liaoning 116028, China

Received:2022-02-07 Revised:2022-05-11 Online:2022-06-28 Published:2022-12-28
Contact: HAN Xiaohui

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提升高速列车服役安全性,探究焊接接头应力腐蚀失效断裂机制,采用金相显微镜、透射电镜(TEM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、硬度测试、室温拉伸、恒载荷应力腐蚀等测试方法,研究6005A铝合金熔化极惰性气体(MIG)保护焊接头微观组织、力学性能和应力腐蚀性能。结果表明:焊接热影响下热影响区(HAZ)晶内析出相粗化及回溶、晶界无沉淀析出带(PFZ)宽化;接头硬度分布呈W型,硬度最低点位于HAZ区,且室温拉伸和恒载荷应力腐蚀试验中接头均断裂于HAZ区。随着加载应力的增大接头应力腐蚀敏感性增大,加快接头沿晶应力腐蚀失效断裂,且高应力水平(0.9 R_p_0.2)下,接头平均断裂时间约为42 h。

关键词: 高速列车, 6005A铝合金, 熔化极惰性气体(MIG)保护焊, 微观组织, 力学性能

Abstract:

In order to improve service safety of high-speed trains and explore stress corrosion cracking fracture mechanism of welded joints, microstructure, mechanical properties, and stress corrosion cracking properties of MIG welding joints of 6005A aluminum alloy were investigated by adopting optical microscopy, transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), hardness test, tensile test, constant stress corrosion load test and so on. The results show that under the effect of welding heat, intragranular precipitates is coarsened and redissolved in heat affected zone (HAZ), and precipitation free zone (PFZ) is widened at grain boundary. Hardness distribution of the joints is "W" type, with minimal-hardness point located in HAZ zone, and MIG joints also fracture at HAZ zone in room temperature tensile test and constant load stress corrosion test. Along with the increase of loading stress, stress corrosion cracking sensitivity will increase, and intergranular stress corrosion cracking failure fracture will accelerate. And average fracture time of the joints reaches about 42 h under high load stress (0.9 R_p_0.2).

Key words: high-speed trains, 6005A aluminum alloy, metal-inert gas (MIG) welding, microstructure, mechanical property

林森, 韩晓辉, 李刚卿, 王鹏, 赵存金, 杨志斌. 高速列车铝合金MIG接头应力腐蚀失效研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(6): 115-122.

LIN Sen, HAN Xiaohui, LI Gangqing, WANG Peng, ZHAO Cunjin, YANG Zhibin. Research on stress corrosion crack failure of MIG joints on aluminum alloy of high-speed trains[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2022, 32(6): 115-122.

图/表 9

表1

图1

图2

图3

表2

6005A-T5铝合金及其MIG接头室温拉伸试验结果

试样	R_m/MPa	$R p 0.2$ /MPa	A₅₀/%	焊接系数/%
母材	289.1±3.3	247.8±3.8	13.6±0.4	—
接头	199.3±2.9	131.9±3.1	8.9±0.5	68.9

表2

图4

图5

表3

图6

参考文献 17

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加载应力/ MPa	剩余强度/ MPa	剩余强度系数/%	强度损失率/%
90(约0.7 R_p_0.2)	131.6±8.9	68.6±4.6	31.4±4.6
105 (约0.8 R_p_0.2)	85.6±15.5	44.6±8.1	55.4±8.1
120 (约0.9 R_p_0.2)	—	—	—

高速列车铝合金MIG接头应力腐蚀失效研究

Research on stress corrosion crack failure of MIG joints on aluminum alloy of high-speed trains

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