步行通道入口汇流人群渠化策略安全性评估方法

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.11.0590

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (11): 184-191.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.11.0590

步行通道入口汇流人群渠化策略安全性评估方法

庄异凡¹(), 黄家骏², 刘志钢¹, 杨立中³, 潘寒川¹

¹ 上海工程技术大学城市轨道交通学院,上海 201620
² 上海电气集团股份有限公司,上海 200023
³ 中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,安徽合肥 230026

收稿日期:2022-05-21 修回日期:2022-09-08 出版日期:2022-11-28 发布日期:2023-05-28
作者简介:
庄异凡 (1991—),女,江苏淮安人,博士,讲师,主要从事密集人群风险管理、行人疏散动力学、轨道交通运输安全等方面的研究。E-mail:zhuangyf@sues.edu.cn。
黄家骏, 工程师
刘志钢, 教授
杨立中, 教授
潘寒川, 副教授
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目资助(52072235); 上海市青年科技英才扬帆计划项目(21YF1415800); 中国博士后科学基金资助(2021M692413); 上海市信息化发展专项资金(201901028)

Safety evaluation method of crowd channelization strategy at entrance of pedestrian passage

ZHUANG Yifan¹(), HUANG Jiajun², LIU Zhigang¹, YANG Lizhong³, PAN Hanchuan¹

¹ College of Urban Railway Transportation, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
² Shanghai Electric Group Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200023, China
³ State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Anhui 230026, China

Received:2022-05-21 Revised:2022-09-08 Online:2022-11-28 Published:2023-05-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决步行通道入口处实施渠化策略过程中,行人对人群干预产生的潜在危险认识不足的问题,提出渠化策略安全性评估方法。首先,从行人运动微观角度,分析渠化策略对多方向人群汇入—渠化—合流全过程的作用特点;然后,基于渠化距离、渠化时间、方向变化角等参量设计出能反映汇流全过程有序性、快速性、公平性的评估参量,形成3阶段渠化安全性评估方法;最后,基于实景特点开展通道渠化试验,揭示汇流方向、渠化间距、运动区域对评估参量的敏感性影响机制。研究表明:有序性和快速性参量的等级区域分布能较好地反映侧向汇流外径位置和通道中轴线区域人群冲突、拥挤的风险特征;与 “两人宽”渠化策略相比,“一人宽”渠化策略对不同汇流方向人群运动的交互反馈更为均衡,且随着入口汇流方向数量的增加,其对安全性的促进作用更优。

关键词: 步行通道, 渠化策略, 安全性评估, 入口汇流, 人群运动

Abstract:

To solve the problem of insufficient understanding of the potential dangers caused by crowd intervention in the process of implementing the channelization strategy at the entrance of pedestrian passage, a safety assessment method of channelization strategy was proposed. Firstly, from the micro perspective of pedestrian movements, the characteristics of the channelization strategy on the whole process of multi-directional crowd inflow-canalization-confluence were analyzed. Then, the indicators reflecting the orderliness, rapidity and fairness of the whole confluence process were designed based on channelization length, channelization time, and direction change angle, and a three-stage safety evaluation method of the channelization strategy was formulated. Finally, the crowd channelization experiments were carried out based on the actual characteristics to reveal the influence mechanism of confluence direction, the channelization spacing and motion area on the sensitivity of evaluation parameters. The results show that the hierarchical regional distribution of orderliness and rapidity indicators can better reflect the risk characteristics of crowd conflict and crowding in the outer diameter of the lateral confluence and the central axis of the channel. Compared with "two persons wide" channelization strategy, the "one person wide" channelization strategy generates a more balanced interactive feedback on the crowd movement of different confluence directions, and with the increase of the number of entrance confluence directions, its safety promotion is better.

Key words: pedestrian passage, channelization strategy, safety assessment, entrance confluence, crowd movement

庄异凡, 黄家骏, 刘志钢, 杨立中, 潘寒川. 步行通道入口汇流人群渠化策略安全性评估方法[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(11): 184-191.

ZHUANG Yifan, HUANG Jiajun, LIU Zhigang, YANG Lizhong, PAN Hanchuan. Safety evaluation method of crowd channelization strategy at entrance of pedestrian passage[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2022, 32(11): 184-191.

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渠化作用阶段	特点	评估参量
DA	无约束,汇流方向自由,离开方向受限	渠化距离,渠化时间,汇流方向角,离开方向角
LS	渠化栏杆约束,进入和离开方向受限	渠化区长度,渠化时间,偏向角,偏移量
DM	通道约束,汇流方向受限,离开方向自由	渠化距离,渠化时间,汇流方向角,离开方向角

工况简称	起始区域	流线方向	每个区域人数	渠化通道宽度w/m	渠化通道/个	渠化通道通过上限人数
Z-0.7	区域1	直行流	126	0.7	6	1
C-0.7	区域2	侧入流	126	0.7	6	1
LC-0.7	区域2、3	两侧汇流	63	0.7	6	1
DC-0.7	区域1、2、3	多侧汇流	42	0.7	6	1
Z-1.05	区域1	直行流	126	1.05	4	2
C-1.05	区域2	侧入流	126	1.05	4	2
LC-1.05	区域2、3	两侧汇流	63	1.05	4	2
DC-1.05	区域1、2、3	多侧汇流	42	1.05	4	2

评估参量	渠化作用阶段	测量区域	等级划分
评估参量	渠化作用阶段	测量区域	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	Ⅳ	Ⅴ
渠化距离l/m	DA	入口汇流地带	0~0.6	0.6~1.2	1.2~1.8	1.8~2.4	2.4~3.0
渠化距离l/m	DM	步行通道内部	0~2.0	2.0~4.0	4.0~6.0	6.0~8.0	8.0~10.0
渠化时间t/s	DA	入口汇流地带	0~1.0	1.0~2.0	2.0~3.0	3.0~4.0	4.0~5.0
	LS	渠化区	1.2~1.4	1.4~1.6	1.6~1.8	1.8~2.0	2.0~2.2
	DM	步行通道内部	2.0~4.0	4.0~6.0	6.0~8.0	8.0~10.0	10.0~12.0

步行通道入口汇流人群渠化策略安全性评估方法

Safety evaluation method of crowd channelization strategy at entrance of pedestrian passage

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