扁平大空间船舶火灾烟气控制试验研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.05.0252

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 162-167.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.05.0252

扁平大空间船舶火灾烟气控制试验研究

李森¹^,²(), 王少鹏³, 林锦¹^,^**(), 陆守香¹, 李倩¹, 陈国庆⁴

1 中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,安徽合肥 230026
2 上海船舶工艺研究所,上海 200032
3 中国舰船研究设计中心,湖北武汉 430064
4 中国船级社上海规范研究所,上海 200135

收稿日期:2023-11-11 修回日期:2024-02-20 出版日期:2024-07-12
通讯作者:
**林锦(1992—),男,福建福州人,博士,副研究员,主要从事封闭空间火灾烟气消除、电气火灾孕育演化机制、船舶消防安全技术等方面的研究。E-mail: linjin@ustc.edu.cn。
作者简介:
李森 (1992—),男,安徽六安人,硕士,工程师,主要从事船舶火灾烟气控制、船舶消防安全技术等工作。E-mail:ls342423@mail.ustc.edu.cn。
王少鹏工程师
林锦副研究员
陆守香研究员
李倩副研究员
陈国庆高级工程师

Experimental study on ship fire smoke control in large flat-space

LI Sen¹^,²(), WANG Shaopeng³, LIN Jin¹^,^**(), LU Shouxiang¹, LI Qian¹, CHEN Guoqing⁴

1 Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Anhui 230026, China
2 Shanghai Shipbuilding Technology Research Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
3 China Ship Development and Design Center, Wuhan Hubei 430064, China
4 Shanghai Rules and Research Institute, China Classification Society, Shanghai 200135, China

Received:2023-11-11 Revised:2024-02-20 Published:2024-07-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为有效控制扁平大空间船舶火灾烟气蔓延,研究大尺度火灾过程中的油池质量损失速率、舱室温度分布、隔热效率和烟气控制效果。利用尺寸为30 m×24 m×2.3 m的模拟舱,在0.35、0.55和0.70 m等3种不同挡烟垂壁高度和机械通风条件下开展试验。结果表明:挡烟垂壁高度增加,油池质量损失速率峰值减小;挡烟垂壁高度对舱室上层烟气温度的影响比对下层气体温度的影响更明显,1.4 m以上空间温度峰值明显下降,而1.4 m以下空间温度峰值无明显变化。顶棚平均温度和隔热效率随挡烟垂壁高度增加而下降。随挡烟垂壁高度增加,火源区与非火源区同时控烟模式隔热效率从28.2%提升至50.8%,火源区单独控烟模式隔热效率从29.4%提升至54.7%。

关键词: 扁平大空间, 船舶火灾, 烟气控制, 挡烟垂壁, 机械通风, 控烟模式, 隔热效率

Abstract:

To effectively control the smoke spread in large flat-space ships, the oil pool mass loss rate, chamber temperature distribution, thermal insulation efficiency, and smoke control effect were investigated during large-scale fires. The experimental study was performed under three different smoke screen heights (0.35, 0.55, and 0.70 m) and mechanical ventilation conditions in a chamber with dimensions of 30 m×24 m×2.3 m. The results indicated that the increase in smoke screen height caused a decrease in the peak value of the oil pool mass loss. The smoke screen height had a more significant impact on the smoke temperature in the chamber's upper layer than that of the lower layer. The peak temperature above 1.4 m was significantly decreased, whereas no significant change in the peak temperature below 1.4 m was observed. The average ceiling temperature and thermal insulation efficiency decreased with the increase in the smoke screen height. The thermal insulation efficiency increased from 28.2% to 50.8% under the combined smoke control mode, and it increased from 29.4% to 54.7% under the independent smoke control mode.

Key words: large flat-space, ship fire, smoke control, smoke screen, mechanical ventilation, smoke control mode, thermal insulation efficiency

中图分类号:

X932爆炸安全与防火、防爆

李森, 王少鹏, 林锦, 陆守香, 李倩, 陈国庆. 扁平大空间船舶火灾烟气控制试验研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(5): 162-167.

LI Sen, WANG Shaopeng, LIN Jin, LU Shouxiang, LI Qian, CHEN Guoqing. Experimental study on ship fire smoke control in large flat-space[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(5): 162-167.

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参考文献 18

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工况	挡烟垂壁高度/m	控烟模式	质量损失速率峰值/ (g·s^-1·m^-2)	热释放速率峰值/kW
1	0	同时控烟	67.9	1 819
2	0.35		64.3	1 723
3	0.55		53.3	1 428
4	0.7		43.9	1 176
5	0	单独控烟	58.8	1 575
6	0.35		56.7	1 522
7	0.55		52.4	1 404
8	0.7		42.8	1 147

挡烟垂壁高度/m	火源区温度		非火源区温度
挡烟垂壁高度/m	同时控烟	单独控烟	同时控烟	单独控烟
0.00	766	712	102	110
0.35	714	676	66	64
0.55	719	679	53	48
0.70	682	648	47	38

扁平大空间船舶火灾烟气控制试验研究

Experimental study on ship fire smoke control in large flat-space

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参考文献 18

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工况	挡烟垂壁高度/m	开启的排烟口	控烟模式
1	0	A1—A6	同时控烟
2	0.35
3	0.55
4	0.7
5	0	A2、A5	单独控烟
6	0.35
7	0.55
8	0.7

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挡烟垂壁高度/m	同时控烟模式	单独控烟模式
0.35	28.2	29.4
0.55	40.3	42.8
0.70	50.8	54.7