车载液氢储罐运输晃动行为及防晃结构设计

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.11.0567

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为揭示车载液氢储罐的晃动行为进而提高其运输平稳性,建立车载液氢储罐晃动数值仿真模型,研究制动和转弯过程中液氢流体晃动对储罐的冲击作用,探讨行驶速度、纵横向加速度、充装率对储罐液氢晃动行为的影响,并设计防波板以实现对液氢晃动的抑制。结果表明:车辆平稳行驶速度对储罐内液氢晃动影响较小;车辆刹车制动或转弯越急,导致储罐内液氢晃动越剧烈,罐体所受冲击越严重,液氢达到平稳所需时间也越长;充装率越接近50%,晃动程度越剧烈,随着充注率增加至90%,液氢对储罐的冲击愈显著,但较高的充装率减小液氢运动空间,使其晃动幅度更平缓;储罐内设置防波板可有效分隔液氢晃动空间,使得储罐纵向最大冲击力相对降低9.6%和17.5%,横向最大冲击力降低34.6%,显著降低其对罐体的冲击,缩短液氢恢复平稳时间。

关键词: 车载液氢储罐, 晃动, 冲击力, 充装率, 防波板

Abstract:

In order to reveal the sloshing behavior of vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage tanks and improve their transportation stability, a numerical simulation model of vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage tank sloshing was established. The impact of liquid hydrogen fluid sloshing on the storage tank during braking and turning was studied. The effects of driving speed, longitudinal and lateral acceleration and filling rate on the sloshing behavior of liquid hydrogen in the storage tank were discussed, and a wave-proof plate was designed to suppress the sloshing of liquid hydrogen. The results show that the stable driving speed of the vehicle has little effect on the liquid hydrogen sloshing in the tank. The more urgent the vehicle brakes or turns, the more severe the liquid hydrogen sloshing in the tank, the more serious the impact on the tank, and the longer the time required for the liquid hydrogen to reach a stable state. The closer the filling rate is to 50%, the more severe the sloshing is. As the filling rate increases to 90%, the impact of liquid hydrogen on the storage tank is more significant. However, the higher filling rate reduces the liquid hydrogen movement space and makes the sloshing amplitude more gentle. The anti-wave plate in the tank can effectively separate the liquid hydrogen sloshing space, so that the maximum longitudinal impact force of the tank is reduced by 9.6% and 17.5%, and the maximum lateral impact force is reduced by 34.6%, which significantly reduces the impact on the tank and shortens the liquid hydrogen recovery time.

Key words: vehicle liquid hydrogen storage tank, sloshing, impact force, filling ratio, swash plate

中图分类号:

X944

张杰, 罗雪鹏, 曾云. 车载液氢储罐运输晃动行为及防晃结构设计[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(11): 81-88.

ZHANG Jie, LUO Xuepeng, ZENG Yun. Transportation sloshing behavior and anti-sloshing structure design of vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage tank[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(11): 81-88.

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