抑制倾斜隧道烟气流动热压主导模式的临界风压

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.05.0938

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (5): 41-47.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.05.0938

抑制倾斜隧道烟气流动热压主导模式的临界风压

阳东¹^,²(), 李萍²

¹ 重庆大学煤矿灾害动力学与控制国家重点实验室,重庆 400045
² 重庆大学土木工程学院,重庆400045

收稿日期:2021-12-20 修回日期:2022-03-04 出版日期:2022-08-17 发布日期:2022-11-28
作者简介:
阳东 (1982—),男,重庆人,博士,教授,主要从事地下空间火灾安全及环控等方面的研究。E-mail: yangdong@cqu.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助(51976017); 广西科技计划项目(重点项目)(桂科AB19110019(桂科AB19110019)

Critical mechanical pressure rise for preventing buoyancy-dominated flow pattern in inclined tunnel fire with longitudinal ventilation

YANG Dong¹^,²(), LI Ping²

¹ State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
² School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China

Received:2021-12-20 Revised:2022-03-04 Online:2022-08-17 Published:2022-11-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为抑制纵向通风的倾斜隧道内火灾烟气流动的不确定性,首先,采用势函数分析法,建立只产生热压主导模式的临界风压P_j_,min与完全抑制热压主导模式的临界风压P_j_,max的理论模型;然后,开展小尺寸试验,验证该理论模型的科学性及有效性,并比较刚好实现临界风速的机械风压P_j_,c与上述2个临界风压的大小。结果表明:P_j_,max恒大于P_j_,c;若采用P_j_,c来实施纵向排烟,由于风机开启时间的不同,可能存在2种稳定状态,第一种状态为隧道内的纵向风速达到临界风速,进而使得全部烟气向下游流动,而另一种状态为热压压制风机风压,造成部分烟气向上游蔓延;当采用P_j_,max时,则可在任何风机开启时间下实现有效纵向排烟。

关键词: 倾斜隧道火灾, 烟气流动, 热压主导模式, 临界风压, 小尺寸试验, 风压主导模式

Abstract:

In order to prevent uncertainly of smoke flow in inclined tunnel fire with longitudinal ventilation, firstly, a theoretical model of critical fan-induced pressure corresponded to only existence of buoyancy-dominated flow pattern P_j_,min and only existence of fan-dominated flow pattern P_j_,max was proposed through potential function analysis. Then, small-scale experiments were carried out to validate the model's scientificity and effectiveness, and the magnitude of P_j_,c, which met critical velocity, were compared with the above P_j_,min and P_j_,max. The results show that P_j_,max is always larger than P_j_,c. If P_j_,c is adopted in a longitudinally ventilated inclined tunnel, there are two possible flow patterns caused by different fan activation time, one is the pattern that critical velocity is achieved and all of the smoke is exhausted downward, while the other is that buoyancy overwhelms fan-induced pressure rise, and thus part of smoke spreads upstream. If P_j_,max is adopted, effective longitudinal ventilation can be finally achieved under any fan activation time.

Key words: inclined tunnel fire, smoke flow, buoyancy-dominated flow pattern, critical fan-induced pressure rise, small-scale experiment, fan-dominated flow pattern

阳东, 李萍. 抑制倾斜隧道烟气流动热压主导模式的临界风压[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(5): 41-47.

YANG Dong, LI Ping. Critical mechanical pressure rise for preventing buoyancy-dominated flow pattern in inclined tunnel fire with longitudinal ventilation[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2022, 32(5): 41-47.

图/表 10

图1

图2

图3

图4

表1

图5

图6

图7

图8

表2

参考文献 13

[1]	CHEN L F, HU L H, ZHANG X L, et al. Thermal buoyant smoke back-layering flow length in a longitudinal ventilated tunnel with ceiling extraction at difference distance from heat source[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2015, 78: 129-135. doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2014.12.034
[2]	周庆, 倪天晓, 周湘川. 纵向通风下坡度隧道火灾烟气特性数值模拟研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2011, 21(3): 42-47.
	ZHOU Qing, NI Tianxiao, ZHOU Xiangchuan. Numerical simulation and study of smoke properties in slope tunnel fire with longitudinal ventilation[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2011, 21(3): 42-47.
[3]	姜学鹏, 谢智云, 于思维, 等. 水下V形坡隧道烟气温度纵向衰减研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2019, 29(9): 70-76. doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.09.011
	JIANG Xuepeng, XIE Zhiyun, YU Siwei, et al. Study on longitudinal decay of flue gas temperature in underwater V-shaped slope tunnels[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2019, 29(9): 70-76. doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.09.011
[4]	SHI Congling, LI Jian, XU Xuan. Full-scale tests on smoke temperature distribution in long-large subway tunnels with longitudinal mechanical ventilation[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2021, 109: DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2020.103784. doi: 10.1016/j.tust.2020.103784
[5]	宋夕雨, 阳东, 陈建忠. 多匝道纵向排烟分区划分与风机匹配计算[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2020, 30(5): 136-142. doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2020.05.021
	SONG Xiyu, YANG Dong, CHEN Jianzhong. Longitudinal smoke exhaust zone division and fan matching calculation for multi-ramp Tunnel[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2020, 30(5): 136-142. doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2020.05.021
[6]	WU Y, BAKAR M. Control of smoke flow in tunnel fires using longitudinal ventilation systems:a study of the critical velocity[J]. Fire Safety Journal, 2000, 35(4): 363-390. doi: 10.1016/S0379-7112(00)00031-X
[7]	ATKINSON G T, WU Y. Smoke control in sloping tunnels[J]. Fire Safety Journal, 1996, 27(4): 335-341. doi: 10.1016/S0379-7112(96)00061-6
[8]	CHOW W, WONG K, CHUNG W. Longitudinal ventilation for smoke control in a tilted tunnel by scale modeling[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2010, 25(2): 122-128. doi: 10.1016/j.tust.2009.10.001
[9]	RIESS I, BETTELINI M. The prediction of smoke propagation due to tunnel fires[C]. ITC Conference Tunnel Fires and Escape from Tunnels, 1999: 212-222.
[10]	DU Tao, DU Jiaxing, YANG Dong, et al. Transient evolution and backlayering of buoyancy-driven contaminants in a narrow inclined space[J]. Building and Environment, 2018, 143(1): 59-70. doi: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2018.06.050
[11]	YAND Dong, DING Yao, DU Tao, et al. Buoyant back-layering and the critical condition for preventing back-layering fluid in inclined tunnels under natural ventilation:brine water experiments[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2018, 90: 319-329. doi: 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2017.08.015
[12]	YANG Dong, LI Ping, DUAN Hong, et al. Multiple patterns of heat and mass flow induced by the competition of forced longitudinal ventilation and stack effect in sloping tunnels[J]. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 2019, 138: 35-46. doi: 10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2018.12.018
[13]	LI Ping, YANG Dong. Critical fan-induced pressure rise for preventing smoke flow multiplicity in longitudinally ventilated sloping tunnel fires: Potential function analysis and numerical simulations[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2020, 97: DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2020.103294. doi: 10.1016/j.tust.2020.103294

工况	火源位置	模型火源功率/ kW	风机开启时间/s	上游入口处风速/ (m·s^-1)	上游入口处静压值/Pa	工况	火源位置	模型火源功率/ kW	风机开启时间/s	上游入口处风速/ (m·s^-1)	上游入口处静压值/Pa
1	A	0.833	0	0.40	0	19	B	1.190	0	0.85	0.1
2	A	0.833	600	0.40	0	20	B	1.190	600	0.85	0.1
3	A	0.833	0	0.80	0.1	21	B	1.488	0	0.82	0.1
4	A	0.833	600	0.80	0.1	22	B	1.488	600	0.82	0.1
5	A	1.190	0	0.44	0	23	B	1.488	0	0.98	0.2
6	A	1.190	600	0.44	0	24	B	1.488	600	0.98	0.2
7	A	1.190	0	0.85	0.1	25	C	0.833	0	0.72	0
8	A	1.190	600	0.85	0.1	26	C	0.833	600	0.72	0
9	A	1.488	0	0.47	0	27	C	0.833	0	0.80	0.1
10	A	1.488	600	0.47	0	28	C	0.833	600	0.80	0.1
11	A	1.488	0	0.95	0.1	29	C	1.190	0	0.86	0.1
12	A	1.488	600	0.95	0.1	30	C	1.190	600	0.86	0.1
13	B	0.833	0	0.65	0	31	C	1.190	0	0.90	0.1
14	B	0.833	600	0.65	0	32	C	1.190	600	0.90	0.1
15	B	0.833	0	0.78	0.1	33	C	1.488	0	0.96	0.1
16	B	0.833	600	0.78	0.1	34	C	1.488	600	0.96	0.1
17	B	1.190	0	0.75	0	35	C	1.488	0	0.98	0.2
18	B	1.190	600	0.75	0	36	C	1.488	600	0.98	0.2

工况	理论值P_j_,min/Pa	试验值P_j_,min/Pa	工况	理论值P_j_,max/Pa	试验值P_j_,max/Pa	P_j_,c/Pa
1	2.01	1.92	4	11.52	7.68	3.29
13	5.75	5.07	16	11.52	9.30	5.30
25	6.98	6.22	28	11.52	9.68	6.04
5	2.53	2.32	8	14.45	10.67	4.18
17	7.21	6.75	20	14.45	10.67	7.02
29	8.76	10.88	32	14.45	11.72	8.38
9	2.86	2.65	12	16.38	10.83	4.82
21	8.17	8.07	24	16.38	11.52	8.29
33	9.92	11.06	36	16.38	11.52	10.20

抑制倾斜隧道烟气流动热压主导模式的临界风压

Critical mechanical pressure rise for preventing buoyancy-dominated flow pattern in inclined tunnel fire with longitudinal ventilation

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 10

参考文献 13

相关文章 5

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	丁厚成, 徐远迪, 邓权龙, 连志虚. 高层建筑火灾烟气流动对疏散影响的模拟研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2020, 30(12): 118-124.
[2]	黄冬梅，梅秀娟，兰彬，朱杰，王珍. 出口角度对防烟空气幕防烟效果影响的数值模拟[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2008, 18(5): 55-.
[3]	谢元一，王厚华. 建筑物走廊型通道中火灾烟气流动特性的研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2006, 16(1): 88-.
[4]	刘方，付祥钊，廖曙江，胡斌. 中庭火灾烟流相似模型[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2001, 11(4): 17-.
[5]	金旭辉，霍然，李元洲，崔锷，周允基. 大空间火灾烟气流动的动态显示研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 1999, 9(2): 6-.