独头隧道爆破冲击波传播特征与爆源因素影响分析

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.10.1174

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (10): 192-198.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.10.1174

独头隧道爆破冲击波传播特征与爆源因素影响分析

周贤舜¹^,²(), 张学民¹^,²^,^**(), 王立川¹^,³, 孟祥栋⁴, 张俊儒⁵, 李庆斌³

¹ 中南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙 410075
² 中南大学重载铁路工程结构教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙 410075
³ 中铁十八局集团有限公司,天津 300222
⁴ 重庆建工建筑产业技术研究院有限公司,重庆 400080
⁵ 西南交通大学土木工程学院,四川成都 610043

收稿日期:2023-04-14 修回日期:2023-07-18 出版日期:2023-10-28
通讯作者:
**张学民(1973—),男,山东潍坊人,博士,教授,主要从事隧道与地下工程专业方面的研究。E-mail:zhangxm@csu.edu.cn。
作者简介:
周贤舜 (1993—),男,湖南湘潭人,博士研究生,主要研究方向为隧道爆破冲击波的环境影响分析。E-mail: zhouxs@csu.edu.cn。
张学民教授
王立川正高级工程师
孟祥栋正高级工程师
张俊儒副教授
李庆斌正高级工程师
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助(51978671); 湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX20200366)

Analysis of propagation characteristics and influencing factors of blasting shock waves in one-ended tunnel

ZHOU Xianshun¹^,²(), ZHANG Xuemin¹^,²^,^**(), WANG Lichuan¹^,³, MENG Xiangdong⁴, ZHANG Junru⁵, LI Qingbin³

¹ School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha Hunan 410075, China
² MOE Key Laboratory of Engineering Structures of Heavy Haul Railway, Central South University, Changsha Hunan 410075, China
³ China Railway 18^th Bureau Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300222, China
⁴ Chongqing Construction Engineering Construction Industry Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 400080, China
⁵ School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu Sichuan 610043, China

Received:2023-04-14 Revised:2023-07-18 Published:2023-10-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为评估在隧道爆破冲击波作用下人员安全和建筑物毁伤问题,需要明晰施工隧道与交通隧道内爆破空气冲击波传播特征的区别。利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件对比分析独头与双向开口隧道内冲击波传播过程的差异性,研究爆源等效炸药当量、炸药多孔起爆及爆源位置等因素对爆破冲击波传播影响机制。结果表明:独头隧道内爆破冲击波传播经历三维球面波逐渐转换至一维平面波的3阶段变化模式,且独头隧道端部边界约束初始球面波几何扩散,经壁面反射叠加的超压增幅达20%;爆源炸药当量影响着波阵面变化,3阶段变化模式的波阵面转换位置与炸药当量呈幂函数负相关关系,随炸药当量提高而在更接近爆源位置转换;多炮孔起爆工况近场超压更大,而进入远场一维平面波传播区域,多炮孔起爆和爆源位置对冲击波超压分布特征影响有限;与单个爆源中心起爆工况相比,超压相对误差小于5%。

关键词: 独头隧道, 爆破冲击波, 传播特征, 瀑源, 多炮孔起爆, 等效炸药当量

Abstract:

In order to assess the issues of personnel safety and building damage under the impact of tunnel blasting shockwaves, it is necessary to clarify the differences of the propagation characteristics of explosive air shockwaves between construction tunnels and traffic tunnels. A comparative analysis was carried out using the ANSYS/LS-DYNA software to observe the variations of shock wave propagation in single-end and two-way open tunnels. The factors such as the explosive location, the simultaneous detonation of multiple explosives and the blasting source explosive equivalent were investigated. The findings demonstrate that the blast shock wave propagation in the single-head tunnel undergoes a three-stage change pattern from three-dimensional spherical wave to one-dimensional plane wave gradually, and the boundary at the single-head tunnel's end constrains the initial spherical wave diffusion. Additionally, the results demonstrate that the overpressure caused by the wall reflection reaches 20%. The source's explosive equivalent has an impact on the wavefront change. The three-stage change mode of wavefront conversion position and explosive equivalent is a negatively correlated power function, and with the explosive equivalent increases, the conversion is closer to the source location. Multiple explosive sources lead to greater overpressure at near-field, but when it enters into the far-field one-dimensional plane wave propagation region, the influence of multiple explosive and explosive location on the wavefront destruction of characteristics of shock wave overpressure is limited. The relative error of overpressure is less than 5% when compared to the central detonation of a single source.

Key words: drill and blast tunnel, shock wave, propagation characteristics, source of explosion, simultaneous initiation of multiple blastholes, TNT equivalent charge weight

周贤舜, 张学民, 王立川, 孟祥栋, 张俊儒, 李庆斌. 独头隧道爆破冲击波传播特征与爆源因素影响分析[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2023, 33(10): 192-198.

ZHOU Xianshun, ZHANG Xuemin, WANG Lichuan, MENG Xiangdong, ZHANG Junru, LI Qingbin. Analysis of propagation characteristics and influencing factors of blasting shock waves in one-ended tunnel[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2023, 33(10): 192-198.

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独头隧道爆破冲击波传播特征与爆源因素影响分析

Analysis of propagation characteristics and influencing factors of blasting shock waves in one-ended tunnel

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