射孔爆轰瞬态能量转化及影响因素研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.09.0223

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为有效控制射孔测试联作工况下管柱及封隔器失效等安全事故风险,基于流固耦合理论建立射孔弹的射流侵彻模型,综合考虑石油射孔弹壳体、炸药、药型罩、射孔枪和套管等结构,研究射流动能与壳体融化能量转化特征,得到不同因素影响下射孔弹剩余能量转化关系。结果表明:药型罩锥角、壳体厚度、炸药质量和类型等因素对射孔弹剩余能量有显著影响。药型罩锥角在40~70°之间越大,剩余能量占比越小;射孔弹壳体厚度在1~4 mm之间越厚,剩余能量占比越小;炸药质量在30~45 g之间越大,剩余能量占比越大;炸药质量相同时,三硝基甲苯(TNT)、六硝基芪(HNS)、黑索金(RDX)、奥克托今(HMX)等4种炸药中的HMX炸药剩余能量占比最小。

关键词: 射孔爆轰, 能量转化, 瞬态压力, 流固耦合, 射孔弹结构

Abstract:

In order to effectively control the risk of safety accidents such as string and packer failure under the perforating well-test combination, a jet penetration model of the perforating shaped charges was established based on the fluid-structure coupling theory. A study for the jet kinetic energy and shell melting energy of the perforating shaped charges was presented to evaluate the transformation law of the jet kinetic energy and shell melting energy and the influence factors of the remnant energy of the perforating shaped charges by taking into account the shell structure, the mass and type of the explosive, the conical liner structure, the perforating gun, and the casing. The obtained results indicate that the remnant energy of the perforating shaped charges is significantly affected by the cone angle of the conical liner, the thickness of the shell, and the mass and type of the explosive. The remnant energy ratio is decreased with an increase in the cone angle of the conical liner between 40° and 70° and an increase in the thickness of the shell between 1 mm and 4 mm. The remnant energy ratio is increased with an increase in the mass of the explosive. With the same explosive mass, the Octogen(HMX) explosive has the smallest remnant energy ratio among Trinitrotoluene (TNT)、Hexanitrostilbene (HNS)、Hexogen (RDX), and HMX explosives.

Key words: perforation explosion, energy conversion, transient pressure, fluid-structure coupling, perforating shaped charge structure

丁亮亮, 雷七松, 陈文康, 薛永志, 张强. 射孔爆轰瞬态能量转化及影响因素研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2023, 33(9): 76-85.

DING Liangliang, LEI Qisong, CHEN Wenkang, XUE Yongzhi, ZHANG Qiang. Study on transient energy transformation and influence factor during perforation explosion[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2023, 33(9): 76-85.

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参数	炸药能量/kJ	射流能量/kJ	能量占比/%
试验	72.046	10.411	14.450
仿真	73.458	12.253	16.760
误差/%	1.922	15.033	13.783

—	C-J参数				JWL状态方程参数
炸药	密度/(g·cm^-3)	爆压/GPa	爆速/(mm·μs^-1)	E₀	A/GPa	B/GPa	R₁	R₂	ω
TNT	1.630	27.000	6.930	7.000	374.000	3.230	4.150	0.950	0.3000
HNS	1.650	21.500	7.030	7.450	463.100	8.873	4.550	1.350	0.350
RDX	1.800	34.100	8.700	10.000	806.100	12.000	4.230	1.210	0.330
HMX	1.891	42.000	9.110	10.500	778.300	7.071	4.200	1.000	0.300