矿用抑尘剂种类及其性能研究进展

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.S2.0031

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为厘清各类矿用抑尘剂的设计原理、配比、作用机理及其抑尘效果,总结井工矿用和露天矿用抑尘剂的研究现状,分析润湿型抑尘剂和环保粘结型抑尘剂的原料种类及抑尘效果。结果表明:井工矿用抑尘剂的重点是润湿型抑尘剂研究,包括煤尘润湿性的物理化学本质以及不同润湿剂作用下的抑尘效果及其微观作用机理;露天矿用抑尘剂的重点是粘结型抑尘剂的固结性能研究;新型环保型抑尘剂作用原理主要包括天然高分子凝聚、微生物固结以及生物质材料粘结作用下的抑尘效果;针对目前各类抑尘剂使用效果差异大、普适性差的现状,未来研究重点应集中在抑尘剂种类精细化、抑尘剂性能测试标准化、抑尘剂研发方法自上而下理论指导化。

关键词: 抑尘剂, 润湿性, 固结性能, 作用机理, 环保

Abstract:

In order to clarify the design principles, proportions, mechanism, and dust suppression effects of various types of mine dust suppressants, the research status of dust suppressants for underground and open-pit mines was summarized. The types of raw materials and dust suppression effect of the wetting dust suppressants and environmentally friendly adhesive dust suppressants were studied. The results show that the research on wetting dust suppressants is the key for dust suppressants for underground mines, including the physical and chemical essence of coal dust wettability, as well as the dust suppression effect and micro mechanism of different wetting dust suppressants. The consolidation performance of adhesive dust suppressants used in open-pit mines is the most important. The action principle of the new environmentally friendly dust suppressants mainly involves the dust suppression effect under natural polymer aggregation, microbial adhesion, and biomass material bonding. In view of the significant differences in the effectiveness and poor universality of various dust suppressants, future research needs to focus on refined dust suppressant research and development, standard dust suppressant performance tests, and theoretically guided research and development methods of dust suppressants.

Key words: dust suppressant, wettability, consolidation performance, mechanism, environmental protection

中图分类号:

唐晓骞, 王韬, 朱俊鹏. 矿用抑尘剂种类及其性能研究进展[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2023, 33(S2): 145-151.

TANG Xiaoqian, WANG Tao, ZHU Junpeng. Research progress on types and properties of mine dust suppressants[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2023, 33(S2): 145-151.

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