基于双重渗透介质模型的土质边坡降雨入渗动态特征

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.S2.0018

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (S2): 50-57.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.S2.0018

基于双重渗透介质模型的土质边坡降雨入渗动态特征

孙长坤¹^,²(), 吴海飞³^,⁴^,^**(), 张亦海³^,⁴, 杨江林¹, 元宇¹^,⁵, 袁云星³^,⁴

¹ 云南黄金矿业集团股份有限公司, 云南昆明 650299
² 北京科技大学金属矿山开采安全与灾害防治全国重点实验室, 北京 100083
³ 中国安全生产科学研究院, 北京 100012
⁴ 中安国泰(北京)科技发展有限公司, 北京 102209
⁵ 鹤庆北衙矿业有限公司, 云南鹤庆 671500

收稿日期:2025-08-14 出版日期:2026-02-04
通信作者:
**吴海飞(1999—),男,安徽铜陵人,硕士,主要从事露天矿山安全监测、边坡稳定性分析等方面的工作。E-mail:w17856901654@163.com。
作者简介:
孙长坤 (1987—),男,吉林长春人,博士研究生,高级工程师,主要从事采矿工艺、岩石力学、露天矿山安全监测、边坡稳定性分析等方面的工作。E-mail:674914710@qq.com。
张亦海高级工程师
袁云星工程师
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划重点专项(2022YFC3004601)

Study on dynamic rainfall infiltration characteristics of soil slopes based on a dual-permeability model

SUN Changkun¹^,²(), WU Haifei³^,⁴^,^**(), ZHANG Yihai³^,⁴, YANG Jianglin¹, YUAN Yu¹^,⁵, YUAN Yunxing³^,⁴

¹ Yunnan Gold Mining Group Co., Ltd., Kunming Yunnan 650299, China
² State Key Laboratory of Metal Mine Mining Safety and Disaster Prevention and Control, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
³ China Academy of Safety Science and Technology, Beijing 100012, China
⁴ Cathay Safety Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 102209, China
⁵ Heqing Beiya Mining Co., Ltd., Heqing Yunnan 671500, China

Received:2025-08-14 Published:2026-02-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高滑坡预测预警能力、优化工程防灾减灾设计,基于双重渗透介质理论,构建考虑基质-裂隙耦合效应的非饱和渗流模型。模型充分考虑降雨强度、裂隙渗透系数、基质渗透系数以及土体初始含水率等因素的影响,以真实反映水分在基质与裂隙域之间的竞争、迁移与耦合作用。并基于改进的降雨边界,结合土体非饱和渗流特性,利用COMSOL Multiphysics有限元数值计算软件为平台,综合分析水分在基质与裂隙域之间的竞争与耦合作用,揭示双重渗透介质作用下均质土体的降雨入渗特征。结果表明:裂隙的存在显著加快雨水的初期入渗速率,并在一定条件下形成“快速通道”,诱发局部饱和现象;同时,基质吸力对水分再分布起主导作用,基质域与裂隙域在水分获取与传输上的竞争与耦合作用,对后期降雨入渗时空分布及孔压演化具有决定性影响。

关键词: 双重渗透介质, 降雨入渗, 非饱和渗流, 基质域, 裂隙域

Abstract:

To enhance landslide prediction and early warning capabilities and to optimize engineering disaster prevention and mitigation design, a non-saturated seepage model incorporating the coupling effect between matrix and fractures was developed based on dual-permeability theory. The model systematically accounted for rainfall intensity, rainfall duration, fracture permeability, spatial distribution and connectivity of fractures, matrix permeability, and the initial water content of the soil, enabling a realistic representation of water competition, migration, and coupling between the matrix and fracture domains. By using the improved rainfall boundary condition and considering the characteristics of unsaturated soil flow, COMSOL Multiphysics finite element software was employed as the computational platform, and the interactions between water in the matrix and fracture domains were comprehensively analyzed to reveal the rainfall infiltration characteristics of homogeneous soil. The results show that the presence of fractures significantly accelerates the initial infiltration rate and, under specific conditions, forms preferential flow paths, inducing local saturation; meanwhile, matrix suction plays a dominant role in water redistribution, and the competition and coupling between the matrix and fracture domains have a decisive effect on the spatiotemporal distribution of rainfall infiltration and the evolution of pore pressure.

Key words: dual-permeability medium, rainfall infiltration, unsaturated seepage, matrix domain, fracture domain

中图分类号:

X936

孙长坤, 吴海飞, 张亦海, 杨江林, 元宇, 袁云星. 基于双重渗透介质模型的土质边坡降雨入渗动态特征[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2025, 35(S2): 50-57.

SUN Changkun, WU Haifei, ZHANG Yihai, YANG Jianglin, YUAN Yu, YUAN Yunxing. Study on dynamic rainfall infiltration characteristics of soil slopes based on a dual-permeability model[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2025, 35(S2): 50-57.

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名称	数值
裂隙饱和渗透系数K_sf/(m·s^-1)	5.26×10^-6
基质饱和渗透系数K_sm/(m·s^-1)	5.26×10^-7
裂隙体积分数w_f	0.15
基质体积分数w_m	0.85
水量转换系数α_w/m^-2	0.2
耦合长度尺度L/m	10^-3

基于双重渗透介质模型的土质边坡降雨入渗动态特征

Study on dynamic rainfall infiltration characteristics of soil slopes based on a dual-permeability model

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