正丁醇逆流流淌火扩散行为及稳定燃烧特性研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2026.09.0346

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究不同泄漏条件下逆流流淌火扩散行为及燃烧特性,基于100 cm × 20 cm × 8 cm不锈钢流淌槽试验平台,利用蠕动泵精准控制泄漏速率(9~650 mL/min),开展正丁醇逆流流淌火试验,采用高帧率相机记录火焰蔓延动态,结合电子天平、热电偶及数据采集系统同步采集质量损失速率及温度场演化数据。结果表明:泄漏速率由40 mL/min增至120 mL/min时,油层增厚降低基底传导与辐射透射损失,热量积聚导致火焰蔓延速度增大;泄漏速率进一步增至 560 mL/min 时,高速流动的燃料引发强烈的强制对流冷却效应,抵消油层保温作用,导致蔓延速度显著下降;单位面积质量损失速率在低流量(60 mL/min)、中等流量(120~160 mL/min)及高流量(290~650 mL/min)下分别呈4阶段演化特征;基于能量守恒计算的稳定燃烧阶段单位面积质量损失速率与试验值的相对误差在±28%以内;随泄漏速率进一步增加,强制对流热损失在总能量平衡中的权重从28%提升至57%。

关键词: 正丁醇, 逆流流淌火, 扩散行为, 稳定燃烧特性, 泄漏速率, 质量损失速率

Abstract:

To investigate the flame spread behavior and combustion characteristics of opposed n-butanol spilling fires under various leakage conditions, experiments was conducted using a 100 cm × 20 cm × 8 cm stainless steel channel platform, with leakage rates (9-650 mL/min) precisely controlled by a peristaltic pump. A high-frame-rate camera was employed to record the flame spread dynamics, while mass loss rates and temperature field evolution were synchronously collected using a balance, thermocouples, and a data acquisition system. The results show that as the leakage rate increases from 40 to 120 mL/min, fuel layer thickening reduces heat losses via substrate conduction and radiation transmission, leading to heat accumulation that accelerates the flame spread rate. As the leakage rate further increases to 560 mL/min, the high-speed fuel flow induces a strong forced convective cooling effect that offsets the thermal insulation effect of the fuel layer, resulting in a significant decrease in the spread rate. The burning rate per unit area exhibits four-stage evolution characteristics under low (60 mL/min), medium (120-160 mL/min), and high (290-650 mL/min) leakage rates. A calculation formula for the mass loss rate per unit area in the steady-state combustion phase, constructed based on energy conservation, yields calculation values within a relative error of ±28% compared with experimental data. With further increases in the leakage rate, the proportion of forced convective heat loss in the total energy balance increases from 28% to 57%.

Key words: n-butanol, opposed spilling fire, spreading behavior, quasi-steady burning characteristics, leakage rate, mass loss rate

中图分类号:

X932爆炸安全与防火、防爆

李然然, 岳志强, 杜道全, 王雪, 李满厚. 正丁醇逆流流淌火扩散行为及稳定燃烧特性研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2026, 36(9): 178-184.

Li Ranran, Yue Zhiqiang, Du Daoquan, Wang Xue, Li Manhou. Study on flame spreading behavior and quasi-steady burning characteristics of opposed n-butanol spilling fire[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2026, 36(9): 178-184.

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