Abstract:

To realize real-time monitoring and risk assessment of the safe operation status of high-speed maglev trains in complex environments, this study adopted a data-driven approach based on multi-source heterogeneous operational data and integrated FMEA and PRA to establish a safety operation monitoring model for high-speed maglev trains. Key physical parameters, including levitation gap, traction current, train attitude, and track conditions, were extracted and analyzed to achieve comprehensive safety evaluation and abnormal behavior identification. Furthermore, a combined subjective-objective monitoring method was proposed, together with procedures for determining monitoring indicator weights and defining hazard levels. The proposed model was validated through monitoring experiments on three high-speed maglev trains. The results show that the comprehensive monitoring values of the three trains are 0.988 4, 0.961 5, and 0.984 8, respectively, all falling within the Level V (slightly dangerous) interval, which indicates the overall safe operation state of the trains. Significant differences are observed in the criticality and risk values corresponding to different monitoring indicators, among which levitation gap and traction current exhibit relatively greater impacts on operational risk. In addition, the monitoring system is capable of performing train operation status monitoring, fault tracking, log alarming, and meteorological warning, while effectively reflecting changes in operational risk.

Key words: high-speed maglev train, safe operation, comprehensive monitoring, failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA), probabilistic risk assessment (PRA)