Design and simulation of high-rise escape descent device based on orifice throttling principle

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.05.1184

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to address shortcomings of existing descent devices, such as large volume, complex structure and uncontrollable speed, a new high-rise escape device with controllable speed was designed. Firstly, relationship between its descent speed and orifice diameter was deduced. Then, a dynamic model of the device was established by using AMESim software, and its descent speed was simulated under different loads and different throttling apertures. Finally, safe adjustment range of orifice diameter was determined through simulation analysis, and purpose of variable speed and slow descent was achieved by adjusting orifice diameter of throttle holes connected in series between two hydraulic cylinders. The results show that the new descent device features simple structure and small volume, allowing users to freely adjust its descent speed within throttling aperture of 1-6 mm according to escape demand, with a maximum speed of no more than 1.5 m/s. For objects with different weights, the speed change range always tends to be stable, which greatly improves applicability and safety of the descent device.

Key words: orifice throttling, high-rise escape, decent device, hydraulic cylinder, descending speed

LU Yi, YANG Yuxuan, SHAO Shuzhen, HE Weilin, WANG Wei, YAN Xiaowen. Design and simulation of high-rise escape descent device based on orifice throttling principle[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2022, 32(5): 55-60.

Figures/Tables 7

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缓降器类别	能量转化	优点	缺点
液压阻尼式	重力势能—内能	安全耐用、运行平稳、价格低廉	体积庞大、使用不方便
摩擦制动式	重力势能—内能	制动效率高、体积小、安装方便	速度不可控、制动零件易受损、噪音较大
电磁阻尼式	重力势能—电能	噪声小、速度可控	价格昂贵、结构复杂、维护不方便
擒纵式	重力势能—内能	结构简单、维护方便	噪音较大、不能重复使用、对受力要求高