Review on safety analysis methods and evaluation techniques of building structures

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.09.2621

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to provide suggestions and references for technology and industry development in the field of building structure safety analysis and assessment, technology development trend and software application in the relevant fields were summarized by using literature research and gathering expert opinions, considering that building structure safety is related to daily life and production activities of the general public. The results show that although safety analysis technology in this field has been developed to a certain extent in theoretical methods, simulations and experiments, it is not yet well enough to meet the needs of risk assessment and emergency management. In terms of industry development trend, there is still a lack of a unified, universal and intelligent safety analysis and evaluation system platform. At present, the research in this field starts relatively late in China and lags behind foreign countries in related technology and software industry, which calls for integration in scientific research, enterprises and policies for technological breakthroughs.

Key words: building structure, safety analysis method, structural analysis, risk assessment, structural damage

SUN Shuli, HAN Xudong, CHEN Pu. Review on safety analysis methods and evaluation techniques of building structures[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2022, 32(9): 37-48.

Figures/Tables 4

Tab.1

Tab.2

Introduction to numerical calculation and analysis modeling software

软件	国家	功能特点
ABAQUS	法国	可分析复杂的固体力学与结构力学问题,能够求解分析大规模和高度非线性的系统,是目前国内外力学领域应用最多的计算软件之一
ANSYS	美国	被广泛应用于力学及多物理场分析领域,支持静力学和动力学的问题求解,进入中国市场较早,在国内具有更广泛的关注
MSC.MARC	美国	一款高级的有限元分析软件,适用于各种复杂的结构,支持线性和非线性的问题求解
LS-DYNA	美国	国际上非常著名且广泛应用的有限元分析软件,具备显式动力学分析功能,在民用和军事领域都有良好的性能表现
SAP2000	美国	适用于对常见结构进行快速高效的力学分析,在静力学、线性问题分析方面计算性能优异
ETABS	美国	全球公认的建筑结构分析设计软件,被誉为是相关领域的业界标准,通过有限元模型与标准规范接口技术进行分析与设计
MIDAS	韩国	包含建筑、桥梁、岩土、仿真4个分析模块,对线性、非线性问题的分析功能较为强大,对初学者的学习使用非常友好
RFEM/RSTAB	德国	前者是三维空间结构有限元分析软件系统,后者是一款专业的空间杆件结构计算工具
SeismoBuild	意大利	一款专用于地震评估和RC结构加固的有限元软件包,支持多个国家的代码规范
PKPM	中国	中国建筑科学研究院建筑工程软件研究所自主研发的工程系列软件,也是目前国内应用最为普遍的CAD系统
PKPM-JCPD	中国	北京构力科技有限公司自主研发的建筑检测与评定软件,以软件PKPM为基础,主要面向建筑安全检测、咨询、评定等需求
YJK	中国	北京盈建科软件股份有限公司自主研发的建筑结构分析设计软件,在求解规模和计算效率上都有一定的优势
广厦建筑结构CAD	中国	深圳市广厦软件有限公司自主研发的建模与分析设计系列软件,主要面向工业和民用的中高层建筑,适用范围广,实用性强
SAUSG-Dog	中国	可针对结构的抗震性能进行快速分析,在处理大规模、非线性问题时有较好的表现

Tab.2

Fig.1

Tab.3

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软件	国家	功能特点
AutoCAD	美国	目前国际上非常流行的绘图工具,能够实现可视化的图形绘制过程,也提供多种方式的二次开发,被广泛应用于土木、电子、勘测等领域
REVIT	美国	我国建筑业建筑信息建模体系中使用最广泛的软件之一,适用于分析设计中的或未竣工的建筑
ArchiCAD	匈牙利	早期具有市场影响力的建模软件,在建筑领域应用广泛,可协助建筑师进行结构设计、分析与工程协同等
Tekla	芬兰	目前国内针对钢结构应用最为广泛的BIM软件,具有强大的钢结构辅助设计及施工管理功能
Bentley	美国	目前在国际上被广泛应用于基础设施、海洋石油、工业厂房等建设领域,具有内存小、速度快、操作便捷等特点

技术类别	技术内容	发展方式
结构建模与可视化	几何建模、网格生成、数据类型转换、界面交互、数据可视化、二次开发	功能集成
力学分析模型	材料模型、单元模型、分析类型、问题模型	功能集成
矩阵求解	矩阵存储、矩阵计算、快速重分析、并行求解	基础研发
耦合分析	多物理场耦合、多灾害耦合、跨学科数据融合	基础研发
安全性分析评估	指标提炼、风险评级、应急决策、智能监测	方法创新