China Safety Science Journal

Establishing the Health-Safety-Environment Management System to Improve Overall Management Level in CNPC

2001, 11(2): 1.

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CNPCs (China National Petroleum Corporation) basic thought in establishing the health-safety-environment (HSE) management system, and its current status and developing trend are introduced. Based on the Guidelines for the Development and Application of HSE Management System issued by Oil Industry International Exploration and Production (E&P) Forum, and the HSE Management System for petroleum industry (SY/T6276-1997), namely the Oil and Gas Industry Line Standard in P.R.China, the HSE management system has been established by this corporation. This system organically integrates ISO 9000, ISO 14000 and OHS management system into one system. After implementing for 3 years, significant improvement in health, safety and environment management has been achieved.

Study on Safety System of Express Railway

2001, 11(2): 7.

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As the speed of train is greatly increased, a series problems of air dynamics are raised, which will influence the safety of the train in motion, and passengers' and working staffs' safety at the station platform. Owing to the high speed, safety problem is of special importance. The safety particularity of the express train determines the particularity of the safety ensuring system of the express railway. The safety system of express railway is studied, in which the standard of withdrawal distance for person when the express train passing by, the safety supervision, and the ensuring system are emphatically discussed, and some suggestions are put forward.

Analysis on the Trend of Expressway Traffic Accident in China

2001, 11(2): 11.

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The main causes and forms of traffic accident happened on the expressway are analyzed, and its developing trend is predicted. A prediction equation to estimate the number of accident events per 100 km is formulated. The findings demonstrate that the traffic control under the conditions of speed exceeding, early stage of traffic opening, and the bad weather should be strengthened. Analysis concludes that although as a whole the trend of traffic accident is declining, the absolute number of accident events will be continuously increasing, while the number of accident events will be gradually decreasing. Among the traffic accidents, most of them are unilateral, speed exceeding is the main cause, and the rear hit is the most common form. At the early stage of traffic opening and under the bad weather, the events of traffic accident will rise obviously.

Assessment and Prediction of Pneumoconiosis Hazard with Neural Network

2001, 11(2): 18.

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The correlation of the incidence of pneumoconiosis with dust toxicity, dust concentration, and exposure duration is non-linear. In this paper, neural network has been applied to build a model for the incidence of pneumoconiosis and the influencing factors, and to develop a special software. By learning from samples, this software could be used to assess and predict accurately the pneumoconiosis hazard.

Study on the Behavior of Population Dispersion during the Fire of a Big Public BuildingBig Public Building

2001, 11(2): 22.

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According to the structure of the big public building, population distribution, and characteristics of the fire stretching, first of all the space of the building is modeled. Then the mathematical model of the behavior of the population dispersion is established. By the relation database According to the structure of the big public building, population distribution, and characteristics of the fire stretching, first of all the space of the building is modeled. Then the mathematical model of the behavior of the population dispersion is established. By the relation database technology and Mapinfo system, the computerized simulation system of the population dispersion behavior during the fire of a big public building is developed and exemplified.

Study on Method for Zone Prediction of Integrated Accident Rate Based on Grey Panel

2001, 11(2): 27.

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The integrated accident rate of a factory based on the analytical hierarchy process is established. By up and down zone method of the grey panel, the zone of the accident rate is provided. The results prove that the method is accurate and reliable.

Analysis on Influential factors of Thermal Effect in Coal Oxidation

2001, 11(2): 31.

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Exothermic oxidation of coal is the main cause of spontaneous combustion. The combined thermal effect of coal and oxygen correlates with the rate of oxygen consumption and surface reactive heat. Through analysis it is obtained that q(z，n，CO2，T，d50)=h(Z)*g(n)*f(CO2)*I(T)*Ψ(d50).Among them, the structure of coal, environment temperature, oxygen consumption, and particulate distribution of coal are the main influential factors. According to Waish chemical structure model for coal spontaneous combustion, Bentain model, and the active surface structure, it is found that the spontaneous combustion of coal differs obviously with the kind, number and activity of the active surface structure of coal. Different oxidizing activity and process with different environment temperature produce different surface reactive heat. The external factors, namely the temperature of coal, oxygen concentration, and different particulate distribution, cause the different rate of oxygen consumption VO2 and different exothermic intensity. The results are tested by XK coal spontaneous combustion experiment set and XKS program temperature ascending experiment set.

Automatic Orientating Fire Extinguishing Monitor

2001, 11(2): 37.

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According to the fire extinguishing system currently applied in large buildings, an orientating extinguishing monitor is developed, which could be automatically orientated to the fire source and could be remote-controlled. It is suitable to be used in large buildings and would greatly reduce the fire losses.

Technical Realization and Perspective of Founding a Web Site for Coal Mine Safety Technology and Equipment

2001, 11(2): 42.

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In order to change the situation of lack of information and difficulty in information exchange causing the backward development in safety technology in coal industry, the idea of founding a web site for safety technology of coal industry is put forward. The Cold Fusion and SQL server are used in founding of this web site. Two key techniques, namely the user management and dynamic information release, are especially introduced in detail. Authors point out that to increase the amount of information, to broaden the coverage of the information, to set up the BBS, and to develop the e-business would be the main developing trends of this web site.

Explosion Triangle of Mixed Inflammable Gases and Explosion Risk Analysis in the Mine Fire District

2001, 11(2): 47.

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Methane explosion triangle method, which is commonly applied to judge the explosion risk of mixed inflammable gases in the mine fire district, considers only the main component gas. In practice, the method does not consider the influence of the temperature in the mine fire district. In this paper, an engineering calculation method for determining parameters of mixed inflammable gases is presented. Explosion limits could be decided by Le Chatelier method and corrected by measured temperature in situ of the fire district. Critical oxygen concentration for explosion is decided by a new triangle illustration method. This mixed gases explosion triangle analytical illustration could be applied to the mine fire district, especially to long range mine fire district during closing and opening process to judge the explosion risk of mixed inflammable gases and to formulate measures for prevention.

Practical Application of Pressure Regulating Technique in Burning Section of Meiyukou Coal Mine

2001, 11(2): 52.

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Based on the simulated laboratory experiment of pressure balance for fire extinguishing, the pressure regulating technique in the burning section of Meiyukou coal mine is summarized. Three pressure regulating measures, namely the application of pressure regulating air chamber to balance the air pressure of burning section, increasing the air pressure of the working face, and filling the surface crannies, are very effective in preventing and extinguishing the fire. Among these three measures, notwithstanding the pressure regulation for the working face or the air chamber pressure regulation failed, the measure of filling the surface crannies will play a very important role.

Pneumatic Chuck Used in Oil-Well Repair

2001, 11(2): 57.

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Causes of accidents, in which operators were hit and injured by pipe tongs during oil-well repair, were analyzed. The structure and working principle of a new type pneumatic chuck used in oil-well repair were introduced. With this kind of pneumatic chuck, operators could fasten or loose the oil pipe by operating the dynamic control valve in control cab. Since operators need not to directly touch the pipe tongs any more, such accidents could be avoided so as to gain obvious economic as well as social benefits. Automatic operation could be achieved when these pneumatic chucks are used simultaneously with the automatic safe operation device of hydraulic clippers.

Experimental Study on the Failure Cause of Suppression and Isolation Apparatus for Gas Explosion

2001, 11(2): 60.

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Through an experimental study on the flame and pressure structures of the gas explosion in a horizontal pipe, the failure cause of the suppression and isolation apparatus for gas explosion is analyzed. The results show that the explosion flame is very long with cohesive force, and propagates along the bottom of the pipe. The main cause of failure for this apparatus is that the delay-time of the apparatus for operation is not consistent with the required arrival time of the flame to the apparatus. It makes the released inhibitor could not cover the whole flame area, so that the flame, pushed by the high explosion pressure behind the flame, continuously propagates forward.

Study on Quality Evaluation of the Risk Analysis

2001, 11(2): 65.

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The quality of risk analysis influences directly its application. Extensive application of the risk analysis makes it necessary to set up methods and criteria for evaluating the contents and results of such analysis. In this paper, the concept of the quality of risk analysis is discussed. An evaluation method based on analyzing the process and identifying its shortcomings by checklist is provided. At the same time, the validity and reliability of the method are explored. Finally, limitations of the method and means to improve the quality of risk analysis are studied. Results of this study demonstrate that this method enables most of significant shortcomings in risk analysis to be revealed.

Study on Emergency Measures for Nuclear Accident of Missile Nuclear Weapon

2001, 11(2): 71.

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The major task, characteristics, organizing and commending, and resource manipulation of the emergency measures for nuclear accident of missile nuclear weapon are probed into. The measures may be considered as a complex system engineering involving system of organization, personnel, equipment, technique and scientific theory, so on. Relevant problems of emergency measures are deliberately studied referring the practical situations. The results could provide the theoretical guidance to emergency measures for nuclear accident of missile nuclear weapon.

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