中国安全科学学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (4): 146-151.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.04.023

• 公共安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

定量改进JHA法的建筑施工高危作业风险分析

刘辉1,2 副教授, 郑向莞1,2, 张智超1,2 讲师, 闫伟1,2, 孙世梅1,2 教授   

  1. 1 吉林建筑大学 市政与环境工程学院,吉林 长春 130118;
    2 吉林建筑大学 事故预防科学研究院,吉林 长春 130118
  • 收稿日期:2019-01-04 修回日期:2019-02-10 出版日期:2019-04-28 发布日期:2020-11-04
  • 作者简介:刘 辉 (1979—),男,吉林梨树人,硕士,副教授,主要从事施工安全技术与管理、安全系统工程、行为安全方面的研究。E-mail:lhsafety@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助(51774149);国家安全生产监督管理总局安全生产重大事故防治关键技术科技项目(jilin-0001-2016AQ);吉林省安全生产监督管理局科研专项项目(吉安监规划[2017]287号)。

Risk analysis of high-risk operations in construction by a quantitatively improved JHA method

LIU Hui1,2, ZHENG Xiangwan1,2, ZHANG Zhichao1,2, YAN Wei1,2, SUN Shimei1,2   

  1. 1 School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering,Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun Jilin 130118,China;
    2 Institude of Accidents Prevention Scientific Research,Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun Jilin 130118,China
  • Received:2019-01-04 Revised:2019-02-10 Online:2019-04-28 Published:2020-11-04

摘要: 为预防建筑施工高危作业事故,将定量改进作业危害分析(JHA)法应用于建筑施工高危作业风险分析。首先,采用作业条件危险性评价法,识别建筑施工高危作业,并引入事故致因“2-4”模型建立危害辨识模型;然后,采用风险等级评价法确定作业步骤风险等级,结合各作业步骤权重,运用复合风险度确定关键步骤;最后,采用加权风险度确定高危作业等级,并以某建筑施工脚手架搭设作业为例,进行定量改进JHA分析。结果表明:作业步骤配备个人防护用品和高处作业(脚手架搭设)为关键步骤;复合风险度确定的关键步骤是安全管理的重点,加权风险度确定的高危作业风险等级与实际情况相符。

关键词: 建筑施工, 作业危害分析(JHA), 高危作业, 危害辨识, 风险分析

Abstract: For the sake of preventing accidents in operation of high risk construction, a quantitatively improved JHA method was introduced into the risk analysis of high-risk operation in construction. Firstly, high-risk operations were identified by the LEC evaluation method and a hazard identification model based on "2-4" model was established. Then, the risk levels of operation steps were evaluated and the key steps were determined by calculating the compound risk on the basis of the weight of each operation step. Finally, the risk levels of high-risk operations were determined by calculating the weighted risks. Taking the scaffolding erection in a building's construction as an example, the quantitative improved JHA was carried out. The results show that key steps are the equipment of operators' protective equipments and work at height (scaffolding erection), that the key steps determined by compound risk degree are the focus of safety management, and that the risk levels of high-risk operations determined by weighted risk degree are consistent with the actual situation.

Key words: construction, job hazard analysis(JHA), high-risk operations, hazard identification, risk analysis

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