中国安全科学学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (8): 143-150.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2020.08.021

• 公共安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

城市地下综合管廊液氮灭火特性试验研究

李华祥1,2, 张国维1,2 副教授, 贾伯岩3, 朱国庆1,2 教授, 郭栋1,2, 张鹏3   

  1. 1 中国矿业大学 江苏省城市地下空间火灾防护高校重点试验室,江苏 徐州 221116;
    2 中国矿业大学 公共安全与消防研究所,江苏 徐州 221116;
    3 国网河北省电力公司电力科学研究院,河北 石家庄 050011
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-06 修回日期:2020-07-07 出版日期:2020-08-28 发布日期:2021-07-15
  • 作者简介:李华祥 (1996—),男,山西临汾人,硕士研究生,研究方向为城市地下空间火灾防护理论。E-mail:lihx@cumt.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助(51708546);新型变电站电缆和沟道火灾预警及防火灭火技术研究项目(5204BB19000D);中国矿业大学未来杰出人才助力计划项目(2020WLJCRCZL043);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(KYCX20_2066)。

Research on extinguishing characteristics of liquid nitrogen in urban underground utility tunnel

LI Huaxiang1,2, ZHANG Guowei1,2, JIA Boyan3, ZHU Guoqing1,2, GUO Dong1,2, ZHANG Peng3   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Urban Underground Fire Protection of Jiangsu Province, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116, China;
    2 Institute of Public Safety and Fire Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116, China;
    3 State Grid Hebei Electric Power Research Institute, Shijiazhuang Hebei 050011, China
  • Received:2020-05-06 Revised:2020-07-07 Online:2020-08-28 Published:2021-07-15

摘要: 为了研究城市地下综合管廊液氮灭火的可行性与灭火效果,开展综合管廊液氮灭火特性试验研究。通过改变液氮喷口方向、液氮释放距离等注氮参数,研究综合管廊内液氮灭火效果与影响因素。结果表明:液氮可以快速扑灭综合管廊火灾,综合管廊内液氮快速灭火机制是冷却降温与隔氧窒息的耦合作用的结果,液氮注入管廊后快速蒸发,形成低温氮气云团,使高温烟气快速冷却,同时氮气云团的蔓延惰化热解气体,使火焰缺氧窒息。此外,水平注氮比竖直向下注氮整体灭火效果较好,液氮灭火时间随注氮口与火源之间的纵向距离增大而增大。

关键词: 地下火灾, 综合管廊, 液氮, 灭火试验, 惰化

Abstract: In order to study feasibility and effectiveness of LN2 in suppressing fire in urban utility tunnels, experiments on its fire extinguishing characteristics were carried out, and its fire control efficiency and influencing factors were studies by changing injection parameters, such as direction of LN2 nozzle and release distance. The results show that LN2 can quickly extinguish a utility tunnel fire. Its rapid extinguishing mechanism is a result of coupling effect of cooling and inerting. After being injected into utility tunnel, LN2 evaporates abruptly, forming a low temperature nitrogen cloud which rapidly cools gas. Meanwhile, as cloud spreads, pyrolysis gas is inerted, isolating fire from oxygen and finally extinguishing it. In addition, it is found that horizontal nitrogen injection has better fire extinguishing effect overall than vertical downward injection, and fire extinguishing time increases with the increase of longitudinal distance between nozzle and fire source.

Key words: underground fire, utility tunnel, liquid nitrogen, fire extinguishing experiment, inert

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