石化过程蒸气云爆炸抗爆设防荷载定量评估方法*

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2021.09.016

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (9): 113-118.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2021.09.016

石化过程蒸气云爆炸抗爆设防荷载定量评估方法^*

辛保泉^1,2 工程师, 党文义¹ 正高级工程师, 喻健良² 教授, 王溪舸³, 闫兴清² 工程师, 卢卫¹ 高级工程师

1 中国石油化工安全工程研究院有限公司,山东青岛 266101;
2 大连理工大学化工学院,辽宁大连 116024;
3 国家石油天然气管网集团新疆煤制天然气外输管道公司,新疆乌鲁木齐 830011

收稿日期:2021-06-05 修回日期:2021-08-08 出版日期:2021-09-28 发布日期:2022-03-28
作者简介:辛保泉 (1990—),男,山东安丘人,博士研究生,工程师,研究方向为气体扩散与爆炸安全防护,石化过程风险分析及防控等。E-mail: xinbq.qday@sinopec.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助(51604057);中国石化青岛安全工程研究院青年科技创新计划项目(YQ-59)。

Quantitative evaluation method of blast-resistant and defense loads for VCE in petrochemical process

XIN Baoquan^1,2, DANG Wenyi¹, YU Jianliang², WANG Xige³, YAN Xingqing², LU Wei¹

1 SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co., Ltd, Qingdao Shandong 266101, China;
2 School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian Liaoning 116024, China;
3 Xinjiang Coal to Natural Gas Export Pipeline Company of State Petroleum and Natural Gas Pipeline Network Group, Urumqi Xinjiang 830011, China

Received:2021-06-05 Revised:2021-08-08 Online:2021-09-28 Published:2022-03-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为合理确定复杂石化过程多场景下蒸气云爆炸(VCE)设防荷载,基于风险可接受基准和抗爆设防要求,建立一种定量评估方法。首先,根据危险工艺流程划分泄漏单元,并计算爆炸频率;然后,基于荷兰应用科学组织的多能法,计算720个潜在爆炸场景的爆炸超压和作用时间;最后,根据提出的2个判定准则,定量确定某石化装置控制室的VCE设防荷载。结果表明:合理的VCE设防荷载应同时满足累积频率1×10^-5~1×10^-4次/a的风险可接受准则以及爆炸超压稳定最大化准则;爆炸场景、发生频率、阻塞区体积和爆炸源距离是影响VCE设防荷载的关键变量;该方法可以滤除高后果低概率场景对最终VCE设防荷载的影响,避免因场景选择离散造成VCE设防荷载计算结果的随机性。

关键词: 蒸气云爆炸(VCE), 抗爆设防荷载, 定量风险评估, 爆炸频率, 风险基准

Abstract: In order to reasonably determine VCE defense load in multiple scenarios of complex petrochemical process, a quantitative assessment method was established based on risk acceptance criteria and blast resistant and defense requirements. Firstly, leakage units were divided according to dangerous process flow, and explosion frequency was calculated. Then, based on multi-energy method from Netherlands Organization for Applied Science, overpressure and duration of 720 potential explosion scenarios were calculated. Finally, VCE defense load of a petrochemical plant control room was determined quantitatively depending on two proposed criteria. The results show that a reasonable load should simultaneously satisfy risk acceptance criterion of cumulative frequency at 1×10^-5 to 1×10^-4 times/a and maximum stability criterion of explosion overpressure. Explosion scenarios, frequency, volume of blocking area and distance away from explosion source are key variables affecting VCE load. The proposed method can filter out impacts of high consequence and low probability scenarios on final VCE defense load, and meanwhile avoid randomness of its calculation results caused by discrete selection of scenes.

Key words: vapor cloud explosion(VCE), blast resistant and defense load, quantitative risk assessment, explosion frequency, risk criterion

中图分类号:

X932

辛保泉, 党文义, 喻健良, 王溪舸, 闫兴清, 卢卫. 石化过程蒸气云爆炸抗爆设防荷载定量评估方法^*[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2021, 31(9): 113-118.

XIN Baoquan, DANG Wenyi, YU Jianliang, WANG Xige, YAN Xingqing, LU Wei. Quantitative evaluation method of blast-resistant and defense loads for VCE in petrochemical process[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2021, 31(9): 113-118.

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石化过程蒸气云爆炸抗爆设防荷载定量评估方法^*

Quantitative evaluation method of blast-resistant and defense loads for VCE in petrochemical process

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