岩爆倾向性的改进有限云评价模型与工程应用

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.02.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决深部开采顶板岩爆评价问题,以挑水河磷矿为例,提出由3个岩爆倾向性评价指标e₀/e_c、e₁/e_c、e_c/e_t组成的综合性评价指标体系,采用消除云雾化的综合权重法,建立顶板多指标岩爆倾向性的改进有限云评价模型;通过FLAC^3D模拟计算采场的应力值,获得e₀/e_c、e₁/e_c、e_c/e_t的参数值;开展挑水河磷矿顶板岩爆倾向性评价,根据最大隶属度原则判定挑水河磷矿顶板的岩爆倾向性。结果表明:挑水河磷矿深部采场顶板为弱岩爆倾向性,与实际情况相符;对比其他方法结果,证明模型具备准确性;提出岩爆危险区域进行标示、支护和监测的控制措施。

关键词: 岩爆倾向性, 改进有限云评价模型, 综合权重, 权重云, 采动应力

Abstract:

In order to evaluate rockburst in deep mining, with Tiaoshui river Phosphorite Mine being taken as an example, a comprehensive evaluation system of 3 rockburst proneness indexes e₀/e_c、e₁/e_c、e_c/e_t were put forward, and comprehensive weight method which was able to eliminate cloud atomization was adopted to develop an improved finite cloud evaluation model for roof multi-index rockburst proneness. Then, stress value of the stope was calculated by FLAC^3D, and parameter values of e₀/e_c、e₁/e_c、e_c/e_t were obtained. Finally, evaluation experiment on Tiaoshui river Phosphate Mine was carried out, and rockburst proneness of its top slab was determined according to the principle of maximum membership. The results show that the roof of its deep stope has a weak rockburst proneness, which is consistent with actual situation. Compared with the results of other methods, this model features good accuracy. Moreover, control measures, like identification, supporting and monitoring of rockburst hazard areas, are proposed.

Key words: rockburst proneness, evaluation model of improved finite cloud, comprehensive weight, weight cloud, mining-induced stress

胡建华, 黄鹏莅, 周坦, 温观平, 杨东杰. 岩爆倾向性的改进有限云评价模型与工程应用[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(2): 90-98.

HU Jianhua, HUANG Pengli, ZHOU Tan, WEN Guanping, YANG Dongjie. Evaluation and engineering application of an improved finite cloud model for rockburst proneness[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2022, 32(2): 90-98.

图/表 16

图1

表1

图2

图3

表2

表3

各岩层岩体力学参数

地层	天然密度/ (10³kg·m^-3)	体积模量/ MPa	剪切模量/ MPa	内摩擦角/ (°)	黏聚力/ MPa	抗拉强度/ MPa	抗压强度/ MPa
上盘围岩Z₂ $d 2 1$	2.845	45 319.4	11 289	50.58	4.808 1	5.494	178.83
磷矿层Ph₂	3.021	14 218.9	8 573.8	60.759	1.052 4	2.01	85.40
下盘围岩Z₂ $d 1 3$	2.846	25 786	16 599.1	53.595	1.731 9	3.642 8	205.70

表3

图4

表4

表5

表6

表7

图5

表8

图6

图7

表9

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指标	岩爆倾向性
指标	无岩爆	弱岩爆	中岩爆	强岩爆
e₀/e_c	<0.3	[0.3,0.5)	[0.5,0.7)	≥0.7
e_c/e_t	>40	[26.7,40)	[14.5,26.7)	<14.5
e₁/e_c	<0.2	[0.2,0.27)	[0.27,0.4)	≥0.4

案例	岩爆倾向性评价指标			实际岩爆等级	本文预测结果
案例	e₀/e_c	e_c/e_t	e₁/e_c	实际岩爆等级	本文预测结果
1	0.27	0.43	0.10	Ⅲ	Ⅲ
2	0.14	0.15	0.66	Ⅳ	Ⅳ
3	0.54	0.12	0.22	Ⅳ	Ⅳ
4	0.13	0.13	0.11	Ⅰ	Ⅰ
5	0.2	0.13	0.14	Ⅰ	Ⅰ
6	0.21	0.22	0.13	Ⅱ	Ⅱ
7	1.00	0.22	0.30	Ⅳ	Ⅳ

岩爆等级	岩爆倾向性评价指标
岩爆等级	e₀/e_c	e_c/e_t	e₁/e_c
Ⅰ	0.00~0.30	0.80~1.00	0.00~0.20
Ⅱ	0.30~0.50	0.53~0.80	0.20~0.27
Ⅲ	0.50~0.70	0.29~0.53	0.27~0.40
Ⅳ	0.70~1.00	0.00~0.29	0.40~1.00

岩爆等级	岩爆倾向性评价指标
岩爆等级	e₀/e_c	e_c/e_t	e₁/e_c
Ⅰ	E_x=0.15 E_n=0.05	E_x=0.90 E_n=0.03	E_x=0.10 E_n=0.03
Ⅱ	E_x=0.40 E_n=0.03	E_x=0.67 E_n=0.05	E_x=0.24 E_n=0.01
Ⅲ	E_x=0.60 E_n=0.03	E_x=0.41 E_n=0.04	E_x=0.34 E_n=0.02
Ⅳ	E_x=0.85 E_n=0.05	E_x=0.15 E_n=0.05	E_x=0.70 E_n=0.10

权重	指标
权重	e₀/e_c	e_c/e_t	e₁/e_c
w₁	0.400	0.300	0.300
w₂	0.365	0.313	0.322
权重	指标
权重	e₀/e_c	e_c/e_t	e₁/e_c
w₃	0.361	0.325	0.314
w₄	0.427	0.302	0.271
w₅	0.428	0.229	0.343
w₆	0.250	0.250	0.500
w₇	0.235	0.295	0.470