超细螺旋雾化喷头降尘技术及其应用

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.11.2718

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (11): 82-89.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.11.2718

超细螺旋雾化喷头降尘技术及其应用

荆德吉¹^,²(), 王志恒¹^,², 葛少成³, 张天¹^,², 任帅帅¹^,²^,^**(), 贾鑫¹^,²

¹ 辽宁工程技术大学安全科学与工程学院,辽宁阜新 123000
² 矿山热动力灾害与防治教育部重点实验室(辽宁工程技术大学),辽宁阜新 123000
³ 太原理工大学安全与应急管理工程学院,山西太原030024

收稿日期:2022-05-20 修回日期:2022-09-18 出版日期:2022-11-28 发布日期:2023-05-28
通讯作者: 任帅帅
作者简介:
荆德吉 (1984—),男,辽宁抚顺人,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事粉尘综合治理技术研究。E-mail:jingdeji@sina.com。
葛少成,教授
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年基金资助(51704146); 辽宁省自然科学基金面上计划项目资助(2020-MS-304); 辽宁省教育厅科学研究经费项目(LJKZ0323)

Ultrafine spiral atomized nozzle dust technology and its application

JING Deji¹^,²(), WANG Zhiheng¹^,², GE Shaocheng³, ZHANG Tian¹^,², REN Shuaishuai¹^,²^,^**(), JIA Xin¹^,²

¹ College of Safety Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin Liaoning 123000,China
² Key Laboratory of Mine Thermodynamic disasters and Control of Ministry of Education (Liaoning Technical University),Fuxin Liaoning 123000,China
³ College of Safety and Emergency Management Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technical, Taiyuan Shanxi 030024, China

Received:2022-05-20 Revised:2022-09-18 Online:2022-11-28 Published:2023-05-28
Contact: REN Shuaishuai

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决煤矿粉尘污染问题,根据气水喷雾原理与涡旋气流生成特性,研制一种雾滴粒径小、降尘能力强的新型超细螺旋雾化喷头。首先,利用数值模拟软件探究不同参数下风流导向器内部风流场速度流线分布特征,得到风流导向器最佳螺旋效果参数;然后,搭建试验平台,测定超细螺旋雾化喷头性能参数;最后,通过超声波干雾抑尘效率对比试验,研究超细螺旋雾化喷头降尘性能,设计一套高效除尘设施,并将其应用于敏东一矿06回风巷。结果表明:当螺旋槽体与锥形壁面的夹角α为30°、风流导向器顶面直径与其高度比d为1.25时,风流导向器定向风流螺旋效果最佳;喷雾压力为0.4 MPa时,超细螺旋雾化喷头的雾化角最大,雾滴数量中占比90%的雾滴直径小于19.7 μm,综合雾化性能最优,此时全尘降尘效率为92.18%,较超声波干雾抑尘全尘降尘效率提高10.21%。以超细螺旋雾化喷头为核心的全断面螺旋气动雾幕对呼吸性粉尘的降尘效率为88.8%~91.58%。

关键词: 超细螺旋雾化喷头, 螺旋气流, 雾化性能, 回风巷, 降尘效率

Abstract:

In order to solve the problem of dust pollution in the coal mine, a new ultra-fine spiral atomization nozzle with small droplet size and strong dust-falling ability was developed according to the principle of gas-water spray and the characteristics of vortex airflow generation. Firstly, the numerical simulation software was used to simulate the velocity and streamline distribution characteristics of the airflow field inside the airflow guide under different parameters, and the optimal spiral effect parameters of the airflow guide were obtained. Then, an experimental platform was built to determine the performance parameters of the ultra-fine spiral atomization nozzle. Finally, through the comparative test of ultrasonic dry fog dust suppression efficiency,the dust suppression performance of the ultra-fine spiral atomizing nozzle was studied, and a set of high-efficiency dust removal facilities was deigned and applied to the 06 return airway of Mindong No.1 mine. The results show that when the angle α between the spiral groove and the conical wall is α=30° and the ratio of the top surface diameter of the airflow guide to the height d is 1.25, the directional air flow spiral effect of the air flow guide is the best. When the spray pressure is 0.4 MPa, the atomization angle of the ultra-fine spiral atomization nozzle is the largest, and the diameter of fog droplets, which account for 90% of the number of droplets, is less than 19.7 μm, and the comprehensive atomization performance is the best. At this time, the total dust reduction efficiency is 92.18%, which is 10.21% higher than that of ultrasonic dry fog dust suppression. The dust removal efficiency of the full-section spiral pneumaticfog curtain with ultra-fine spiral atomizing nozzles as the core is 88.8%-91.58%.

Key words: ultrafine spiral atomizing nozzle, spiral airflow, atomization performance, air return airway, dust reduction efficiency

荆德吉, 王志恒, 葛少成, 张天, 任帅帅, 贾鑫. 超细螺旋雾化喷头降尘技术及其应用[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(11): 82-89.

JING Deji, WANG Zhiheng, GE Shaocheng, ZHANG Tian, REN Shuaishuai, JIA Xin. Ultrafine spiral atomized nozzle dust technology and its application[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2022, 32(11): 82-89.

图/表 15

图1

图2

图3

表1

边界条件和参数值

参数名称	参数设定
喷嘴入口风速/(m·s^-1)	50
螺旋槽体入口风速/(m·s^-1)	10
出口压力/Pa	0
$ρ p$ /(kg·m^-3)	1.25
μ/(Pa·s)	1.8×10^-5
气体分子扩散系数/(m²·s^-1)	2×10^-5
颗粒自身密度/(g·cm^-3)	1.33
入口粒子数	1 000

表1

图4

图5

图6

表2

图7

图8

图9

图10

表3

图11

表4

参考文献 16

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供气压力/MPa	雾化角/ (°)	有效射程/m	耗水量/ (mL·min^-1)	D₉₀/ μm
0.2	72.4	3.6	156.9	32.1
0.3	85.3	4.2	172.5	27.6
0.4	92.5	4.9	189.4	19.7
0.5	87.2	5.2	192.1	18.1
0.6	78.7	5.3	195.6	16.8

除尘方式	c₁/ (mg·m^-3)	c₂/ (mg·m^-3)	隔尘效率/%
超声波干雾抑尘	290.26	52.34	81.97
超细螺旋雾化降尘	371.72	29.08	92.18

测点编号	治理前煤尘质量浓度/ (mg·m^-3)	治理后煤尘质量浓度/ (mg·m^-3)	降尘效率/%
1	15.67	1.32	91.58
2	20.14	1.91	90.57
3	22.35	2.08	90.69
4	18.13	2.03	88.80
5	19.26	1.81	90.60

超细螺旋雾化喷头降尘技术及其应用

Ultrafine spiral atomized nozzle dust technology and its application

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