阜山金矿进回风巷粉尘孔粒径分布及其分形特征

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.01.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究金属矿井下粉尘孔粒径特征,以阜山金矿为例,系统研究其进风巷粉尘(IAD)、回风巷粉尘(RAD)的孔粒径分布(PSD)情况。首先,利用激光粒度分析仪与扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、低温液氮吸附仪分别测试粉尘粒径与孔参数,然后利用分形理论计算并分析其粒度分形维数与孔分形维数。结果表明:RAD粒径比IAD粒径小,两者最可几粒径分别为7.19、23.58 μm,可被人体吸入粉尘(粒径 ≤ 10 μm)占比分别为65%、40%,但IAD中的微细颗粒物(粒径 ≤ 1μm)占比多于RAD,两者分别为0.67%、0.39%;其次,IAD、RAD孔结构类型均以不透气性密闭孔为主,且RAD孔结构较IAD更为发达,金矿采场爆破作用是致使RAD孔结构发达的原因;此外,IAD、RAD均具有显著的粒径和孔分形特征,其中IAD的粒度分形维数与孔分形维数均大于RAD,说明IAD粒径分布更复杂、表面粗糙度更大、孔复杂度更高。因此,金属矿山应加强对IAD的重视与控制。

关键词: 阜山金矿, 进风巷粉尘(IAD), 回风巷粉尘(RAD), 粒径分布(PSD), 孔结构, 分形维数

Abstract:

In order to study particle size and pore characteristics of dust in underground metal mines, with Fushan gold mine as an example, PSD and pore characteristics of its IAD and RAD were systematically investigated. Firstly, PSD of dust samples were measured by using laser particle size analyzer and scanning electron microscope (SEM), meanwhile, pore parameters were measured by low-pressure N₂ gas adsorption device. Then, fractal dimensions of particle size and pore volume were calculated according fractal theory, respectively. The results show that the particle size of RAD is less than that of IAD. Their most probable particle size are 7.19 and 23.58 μm, respectively, and the respirable dust percentage in them are 65% and 40%, respectively. However, the fine particles (particle size less than 1 μm) percentage in IAD (0.67%) is larger than that in RAD (0.39%). In addition, pore types in RAD and IAD are similar and mainly consist by impermeable closed pore, while RAD pore is more developed than IAD pore, which was caused by the blasting action in gold mines. Furthermore, both IAD and RAD feature significant fractal characteristics, and fractal dimensions of IAD, including particle size and pore volume, are larger than that of RAD, which indicates that PSD, surface roughness and pore complexity of IAD are all more complicated than that of RAD. Therefore, gold mines should pay more attention to IAD.

Key words: Fushan gold mine, intake airway dust (IAD), return airway dust (RAD), particle size distribution(PSD), pore structure, fractal dimension

徐晶格, 欧盛南, 刘建国, 金龙哲, 王嘉莹. 阜山金矿进回风巷粉尘孔粒径分布及其分形特征[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(1): 118-126.

XU Jingge, OU shengnan, LIU Jianguo, JIN Longzhe, WANG Jiaying. PSD, pore structure, and fractal characteristics of intake and return airway dust in Fushan gold mine[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2022, 32(1): 118-126.

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编号	孔参数		计算模型
1	比表面积		BET(Brunauer-Emmett-Teller)
1	比表面积		Langmuir
2	孔体积	微孔	密度泛函理论 (Density Functional Theory)
2	孔体积	介孔	BJH (Barrett-Joyner-Halenda)
3	平均孔径	微孔	H-K (Horvath-Kawazoe)
3	平均孔径	全孔	BJH
4	孔径微积分分布		DFT

粉尘来源	比表面积/(m²·g^-1)		孔体积/(cm³·g^-1)			平均孔径/nm
粉尘来源	BET	Langmuir	DFT(微孔^*)	BJH(介孔^*)	总孔体积^*	H-K	BJH
IAD	3.319	5.780	0.001 3	0.011 8	0.013 1	1.278	10.61
RAD	4.386	7.970	0.001 6	0.018 0	0.019 6	1.342	11.61