中国安全科学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (S1): 108-113.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.S1.0769

• 安全工程技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

典型LNG加气站泄漏事故模拟及探测覆盖率研究

张阳1,2(), 李勇1, 党文义1,2, 王一昊1,2, 刘迪1,2   

  1. 1 中石化安全工程研究院有限公司, 山东 青岛 266071
    2 化学品安全控制国家重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266071
  • 收稿日期:2022-02-19 修回日期:2022-05-07 出版日期:2022-06-30 发布日期:2022-12-30
  • 作者简介:

    张 阳 (1982—),女,黑龙江黑河人,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事石油化工过程风险评估技术等方面的研究。E-mail:

    李 勇 高级工程师

    党文义 教授级高级工程师

    王一昊 工程师

    刘 迪 工程师

Leakage accident simulation and detection coverage research of typical LNG filling stations

ZHANG Yang1,2(), LI Yong1, DANG Wenyi1,2, WANG Yihao1,2, LIU Di1,2   

  1. 1 SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co., Ltd., Qingdao Shandong 266071, China
    2 State Key Laboratory of Safety and Control for Chemicals, Qingdao Shandong 266071, China
  • Received:2022-02-19 Revised:2022-05-07 Online:2022-06-30 Published:2022-12-30

摘要:

为研究液化天然气(LNG)加气站发生泄漏后造成的事故后果及现有可燃气体探测器覆盖率是否满足要求,采用FLACS三维模拟软件模拟典型LNG加气站槽车及卸车管道、储罐、加气机单元,发生泄漏后火灾热辐射、爆炸超压造成的事故影响范围,评估现有可燃气体探测器对所发生泄漏的探测覆盖情况。研究结果表明:LNG槽车、LNG储罐发生50 mm泄漏,站房及加油区域靠近LNG储罐处热辐射可达25 kW/m2,辐射强度导致附近人员伤亡;LNG撬装及加油机附近最大爆炸超压超过20 kPa;通过可燃气体探测器覆盖率评估得出LNG加气站接卸软管向西、向南方向发生泄漏,无有效探测途径。

关键词: 液化天然气(LNG)加气站, 泄漏事故, 探测器覆盖率, 火灾热辐射, 爆炸超压, 可燃气体探测器

Abstract:

In order to study the accident consequences caused by leakage of LNG filling stations and whether the coverage rate of existing combustible gas detectors meets the requirements, FLACS three-dimensional simulation software was used to simulate the tank car and unloading pipe, storage tank and gas filling unit of typical LNG filling stations, and the accident influence range caused by fire heat radiation and explosion overpressure after leakage. The detection coverage of existing combustible gas detectors for leaks was assessed. The results show that the heat radiation near the LNG storage tank in the station room and refueling area can reach 25 kW/m2 when the LNG tanker and LNG storage tank leak 50 mm, and the radiation intensity leads to casualties nearby. The maximum explosion overpressure near the LNG skid-mounted and tanker exceeds 20 kPa. Through the combustible gas detector coverage assessment, it is concluded that there is no effective detection way for the leakage of the loading and unloading hoses in the west and south directions of LNG filling station.

Key words: liquefied natural gas (LNG) stations, leakage accident, detector coverage, fire radiation, explosion overpressure, combustible gas detector