语言风格对安全生产标语语义通达的影响作用

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.0767

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为发挥安全生产标语的最大宣传效用,研究语言风格对安全生产标语语义通达的影响作用。分析认知心理过程,确定理解度、接受度、遵从度等语义通达效度指标(因素),基于情绪启动效应厘清安全生产标语类型(水平),设计3×4(3因素4水平)问卷;采用方差分析(ANOVA)方法,探究不同语言风格维度差异;利用独立性权系数法,确定语义通达效度指标权重;加权集结因素指标值,计算出不同语言风格安全生产标语语义通达效度。结果表明:安全生产标语根据语言风格划分为严肃庄重型、情感呼告型、幽默另类型、威胁恐吓型4种类型。语义通达效度测度指标定义为理解度、接受度、遵从度。不同语言风格安全生产标语在理解度方面无显著差异;严重庄重型安全生产标语接受度最高;威胁恐吓型安全生产标语遵从度最高;总体来说,威胁恐吓型安全生产标语义通达效度更高。

关键词: 语言风格, 安全生产标语, 语义通达, 方差分析(ANOVA), 独立性权系数法

Abstract:

In order to maximize the publicity effect of work safety slogans, this paper studied the influence of language style on the semantic accessibility of work safety slogans. Firstly, the cognitive psychological process was analyzed, and the validity indicators (factors) of semantic accessibility such as understanding, acceptance and compliance were determined. The types (levels) of safety slogans were clarified based on the emotional priming effect, and a 3×4 (3-factor and 4-level) questionnaire was designed. Secondly, the variance (ANOVA) method was employed to explore the dimensionality differences of different language styles. Thirdly, the validity of semantic accessibility of work safety slogans with different language styles was calculated by weighting aggregation factor index values. The results show that the work safety slogans can be divided into 4 types according to the language style: serious type, emotional appeal type, humorous type and threatening type. The validity of semantic accessibility is defined as understanding, acceptance and compliance. There is no significant difference in the understanding of work safety slogans in different language styles. The serious and solemn work safety slogans have the highest acceptance, and the threatening and intimidating work safety slogans have the highest compliance. Overall, the threatening and intimidating work safety slogans have the higher validity of semantic accessibility.

Key words: language style, work safety slogan, semantic accessibility, variance analysis (ANOVA), independent weight method

晋良海, 刘佳, 朱忠荣, 夏露, 朱怡帆. 语言风格对安全生产标语语义通达的影响作用[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2023, 33(4): 36-43.

JIN Lianghai, LIU Jia, ZHU Zhongrong, XIA Lu, ZHU Yifan. Influence of language style on semantic accessibility of work safety slogans[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2023, 33(4): 36-43.

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语言风格类型	含义	举例
严肃庄重型F₁	庄重严谨,用语规范,表意明确	为了您的生命安全,请佩戴安全帽
情感呼告型F₂	从情感上打动、刺激受众,从而引起安全重视	为了您和家人的幸福,请佩戴安全帽
幽默另类型F₃	语言幽默,但可能会出现“冒犯”现象	如果不想见上帝的话,请务必佩戴安全帽
威胁恐吓型F₄	运用“敲警钟”的方法,刺激受众产生恐惧心理	必须佩戴安全帽,别拿生命开玩笑

材料编码	标语内容
F₁₁	为了您的生命安全,请务必佩戴安全帽
F₁₂	为了我的生命安全,我务必要佩戴安全帽
F₂₁	为了您和家人的幸福,请务必佩戴安全帽
F₂₂	为了我和家人的幸福,我务必要佩戴安全帽
F₃₁	如果不想见上帝的话,请务必佩戴安全帽
F₃₂	如果不想见上帝的话,我务必要佩戴安全帽
F₄₁	别拿生命开玩笑,必须佩戴安全帽
F₄₂	不拿生命开玩笑,我要佩戴安全帽

安全标语编号	F₁ 均值	F₂ 均值	F₃ 均值	F₄ 均值	F	p
F₁₁	1.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	—	—
F₁₂	0.87	0.07	0.07	0.00	39.667	0.000^**
F₂₁	0.07	0.93	0.00	0.00	93.833	0.000^**
F₂₂	0.07	0.93	0.00	0.00	93.833	0.000^**
F₃₁	0.00	0.00	0.93	0.07	93.833	0.000^**
F₃₂	0.00	0.07	0.93	0.00	93.833	0.000^**
F₄₁	0.27	0.00	0.00	0.73	17.129	0.000^**
F₄₂	0.20	0.07	0.00	0.73	14.844	0.000^**

变量				理解度		接受度		遵从度
问题	选项	人数	占比/%	均值	Sig.	均值	Sig.	均值	Sig.
性别	男	126	59.15	5.69	0.080	4.93	0.672	5.29	0.335
性别	女	87	40.85	5.50	0.080	4.86	0.672	5.44	0.335
年龄/岁	18~30	68	31.92	5.65	0.414	4.85	0.922	5.35	0.624
	30~50	87	40.85	5.53		4.93		5.28
	50以上	58	27.23	5.70		4.92		5.47
文化程度	初中及以下	58	27.23	5.52	0.367	4.81	0.280	5.38	0.587
	高中、中专	77	36.15	5.61		4.91		5.25
	大专、本科	74	34.74	5.65		4.90		5.42
	研究生及以上	4	1.88	6.22		5.97		5.91
婚姻状况	未婚	75	35.21	5.71	0.196	4.80	0.354	5.49	0.199
婚姻状况	已婚	138	64.79	5.56	0.196	4.95	0.354	5.28	0.199
工作经验	参加过生产实践	165	77.46	5.61	0.869	4.89	0.761	5.34	0.713
工作经验	未参加过生产实践	48	22.54	5.63	0.869	4.95	0.761	5.41	0.713

指标	F₁	F₂	F₃	F₄	F	p
E₁	5.67±0.93	5.61±0.86	5.60±0.93	5.57±0.94	0.429	0.732
E₂	5.01±1.24	4.98±1.23	4.74±1.28	4.87±1.29	2.099	0.099
E₃	5.12±1.19	5.01±1.21	5.61±1.19	5.68±1.16	17.366	0.000^**