中国安全科学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 213-220.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.05.2166

• 职业卫生 • 上一篇    下一篇

我国职业伤害保障制度的现状、挑战与展望

许素睿1,2(), 梁梵洁3   

  1. 1 中国劳动关系学院 安全工程学院,北京100048
    2 中国矿业大学(北京) 应急管理与安全工程学院,北京 100083
    3 上海应用技术大学 城市建设与安全工程学院,上海 201418
  • 收稿日期:2022-12-15 修回日期:2023-03-14 出版日期:2023-05-28
  • 作者简介:

    许素睿 (1978—),女,河南西平人,博士研究生,副教授,主要从事行为安全、安全管理、工伤保险等方面的研究。E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    中国劳动关系学院校级一般项目(21XYJS017)

Current situation, challenges and prospects of occupational injury protection system in China

XU Surui1,2(), LIANG Fanjie3   

  1. 1 School of Safety Engineering, China University of Labor Relations, Beijing 100048, China
    2 School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
    3 College of Urban Construction and Safety Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
  • Received:2022-12-15 Revised:2023-03-14 Published:2023-05-28

摘要:

为缓解新就业形态劳动者职业伤害“无保可依、有保难依”问题,在“三新”经济方兴未艾的背景下,研究我国职业伤害保障制度的现状、挑战与展望。首先,从制度定位与参保对象界定、体系梳理2方面,分析我国职业伤害保障制度现状,在此基础上总结我国职业伤害保障制度在层次、架构、立法、统筹4个方向上的发展及挑战;然后,凝炼国内外职业伤害保障经验,划分我国职业伤害保障制度地方试点发展的3个重要阶段;最后,提出基于“三新”经济业态下的职业伤害保障制度展望。研究结果表明:我国职业伤害保障制度是社会保险定位,参保对象应覆盖不具备劳动关系和不完全符合确立劳动关系的新就业形态职业人群,以及呈现出新就业形态的传统行业职业人群,制度结构、参保范围、政策框架仍需在“十四五”期间不断完善。

关键词: 职业伤害, 保障制度, 新就业形态劳动者, 工伤保险, 劳动关系, “三新”经济

Abstract:

In order to alleviate the problem of "no insurance to rely on, or it is difficult to rely on insurance" for workers in the new employment form, this paper studied the current situation, challenges and prospects of China's occupational injury protection system under the background of "three new" economy. Firstly, the present situation of China's occupational injury protection system was analyzed from two aspects: system orientation and definition of insured objects and system sorting. On this basis, the development and challenges of China's occupational injury protection system in four directions of levels, structure, legislation and coordination were summarized. Then the experience of occupational injury protection at home and abroad was condensed, and the three important stages of local pilot development of occupational injury protection system in China were divided. Finally, the prospect of an occupational injury protection system based on "three new" economy was proposed. The results show that: China's occupational injury protection system is orientated as a social insurance, and the insured objects should cover new occupational groups that do not have labor relations and do not fully meet the established labor relations, and traditional occupational groups that show new employment patterns. The scope of protection and policy framework still need to be continuously improved during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period.

Key words: occupational injury, protection system, new forms of employment workers, employment injury insurance, labor relations, "three new" economy