露天矿端帮开采支撑煤柱失稳判据研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.09.0454

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (9): 122-128.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.09.0454

露天矿端帮开采支撑煤柱失稳判据研究

李广贺¹^,²(), 呼子桓¹, 王东¹, 王来贵², 周志伟³, 丁春健³

¹ 辽宁工程技术大学矿业学院,辽宁阜新 123000
² 辽宁工程技术大学力学与工程学院,辽宁阜新 123000
³ 国能宝日希勒能源有限公司,内蒙古呼伦贝尔 021008

收稿日期:2023-04-30 修回日期:2023-06-28 出版日期:2023-09-28
作者简介:
李广贺 (1992—),男,蒙古族,内蒙古通辽人,博士,副教授,主要从事露天开采及边坡工程方面的研究。E-mail:liguanghe@lntu.edu.cn。
王东教授
王来贵教授
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助(52204135); 国家自然科学基金资助(52204136); 辽宁省国际科技合作计划(2022JH2/10700004); 辽宁省高等学校基本科研项目(LJKQZ2021155); 辽宁工程技术大学学科创新团队资助项目(LNTU20TD-01)

Study on instability criterion of rib pillars in open-pit during highwall mining

LI Guanghe¹^,²(), HU Zihuan¹, WANG Dong¹, WANG Laigui², ZHOU Zhiwei³, DING Chunjian³

¹ College of Mining, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin Liaoning 123000, China
² School of Mechanics and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin Liaoning 123000, China
³ Guoneng Baori Hiller Energy Co., Ltd., Hulunbuir Inner Mongolia 021008, China

Received:2023-04-30 Revised:2023-06-28 Published:2023-09-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究露天矿端帮开采支撑煤柱失稳判据与支撑煤柱合理留设,实现露天矿端帮边坡与支撑煤柱最优形态参数设计,应用Winkler弹性地基理论,构建露天矿端帮开采下顶板-支撑煤柱力学承载模型,推导出顶板竖向位移及支撑煤柱竖向应力理论公式,并采用数值模拟方法验证理论计算结果,根据支撑煤柱安全系数要求,结合Wilson煤柱极限强度理论,建立露天矿端帮开采支撑煤柱失稳判据,从理论上揭示出露天矿端帮边坡与支撑煤柱形态参数对支撑煤柱安全系数的影响特征。研究结果表明:支撑煤柱安全系数与采深、边坡角及边坡高度呈负相关指数函数;与留设支撑煤柱总宽度呈正相关线性函数,顶板竖向位移及支撑煤柱竖向应力的理论计算曲线呈马鞍形分布,理论计算与数值模拟结果基本一致,证明理论计算具备一定的合理性与准确性。

关键词: 露天矿, 端帮开采, 支撑煤柱, 失稳判据, 弹性地基

Abstract:

To investigate the instability criteria of the rib pillar, determine the reasonable setting of the rib pillar during highwall mining in an open-pit coal mine and realize the optimal design of parameters for both the open-pit highwall and the rib pillar, a mechanical model of roof-rib pillar was constructed using Winkler elastic foundation theory. Theoretical formulas of vertical displacement of the roof and the vertical stress of the rib pillar during highwall mining were derived and validated through numerical simulation. Considering safety requirements for rid pillars, combined with Wilson's ultimate strength theory of the coal pillar, the instability criteria of rid pillars in open-pit mining was established. The study explored the impact of slope and pillar shape parameters on the safety of the rib pillar theoretically. The results show that the safety factor of the rib pillar exhibits a negative exponential correlation with mining depth, end-slope angle and end-slope height. Conversely, it shows a linear positive correlation with the total width of the coal pillar, and the theoretical curves of the vertical displacement of the roof and the vertical stress of the rib pillar exhibit a saddle-shaped distribution. Theoretical calculations are in good agreement with numerical simulation results, thereby verifying the rationality and accuracy of the theoretical calculations.

Key words: open-pit mine, highwall mining, rid pillar, instability criterion, elastic foundation

李广贺, 呼子桓, 王东, 王来贵, 周志伟, 丁春健. 露天矿端帮开采支撑煤柱失稳判据研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2023, 33(9): 122-128.

LI Guanghe, HU Zihuan, WANG Dong, WANG Laigui, ZHOU Zhiwei, DING Chunjian. Study on instability criterion of rib pillars in open-pit during highwall mining[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2023, 33(9): 122-128.

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岩性	厚度/m	密度/(kg·m^-3)	弹性模量/GPa	泊松比	内摩擦角/(°)	黏聚力/kPa	抗拉强度/MPa
第四系	23	1 920	0.05	0.42	15	17	0.87
砂砾岩Ⅰ	40	1 831	1.3	0.4	33.5	25.6	0.51
煤Ⅰ	19	1 178	0.96	0.34	34	56	0.68
粉砂岩	7	1 941	0.8	0.39	35	65.4	1.31
砂砾岩Ⅱ	17	1 831	1.3	0.4	33.5	25.6	0.51
煤Ⅱ	6	1 178	0.96	0.34	34	56	0.68

采深d/m	煤柱总宽度N/m	边坡角θ/(°)	边坡高度H/m	与安全系数F的关系式
d	280	28	100	F=1.344×0.992d+1.207
300	N	28	100	F=0.011N-1.688
300	280	θ	100	F=0.701exp(-θ/275.984)+2.212
300	280	28	H	F=2.068 9exp(-H/54.339)+1.056

煤柱数量n/个	煤柱宽度a/m	采深d/m	回采率k/%	预计回采煤量Q/t
38	7.684	300	43.19	399 593.9
39	7.333	300	44.36	410 418.7
40	7.000	300	45.53	496 173.6
41	6.683	282.361	43.95	406 625.4
42	6.381	234.357	37.39	345 932.3

露天矿端帮开采支撑煤柱失稳判据研究

Study on instability criterion of rib pillars in open-pit during highwall mining

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