考虑信息传递机制的改进社会力模型

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.04.1534

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 217-225.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.04.1534

考虑信息传递机制的改进社会力模型

李昆¹^,²(), 丁景轩¹, 李姣姣¹

¹ 河北工业大学土木与交通学院,天津 300401
² 成都师范学院室内空间布局优化与安全保障四川省高校重点实验室,四川成都 611130

收稿日期:2023-10-19 修回日期:2024-01-23 出版日期:2024-04-28

作者简介:

李昆 (1981—),男,江苏镇江人,博士,讲师,主要从事智慧交通、应急疏散、复杂系统动力学、深度学习、演化博弈理论学等方面的研究。E-mail: lk5622355@pku.edu.cn。

基金资助:
室内空间布局优化与安全保障四川省高校重点实验室2023年度项目(2023SNKJ-05)

Improved social force model considering information transmission mechanism

LI Kun¹^,²(), DING Jingxuan¹, LI Jiaojiao¹

¹ School of Civil and Transportation, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
² Key Laboratory of Interior Layout Optimization and Security, Institutions of Higher Education of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu Sichuan 611130, China

Received:2023-10-19 Revised:2024-01-23 Published:2024-04-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究多出口房间内出口开放状态未知情况下行人疏散选择策略,并评估信息传递对疏散过程中运动状态和疏散效率的影响,提出基于信息传递机制的出口寻踪社会力模型(SFM)。首先,在SFM中引入竞争机制,使模型仿真效果更加符合实际疏散场景;然后,研究理性策略与非理性策略引导下的疏散过程,探讨信息变更引发的羊群效应对整体疏散的影响;最后,引入信息传递机制,探索信息交流与合作对逃生路径的优化作用。结果表明:在紧急逃生情境中,对于个体行人而言,理性策略更为稳妥;但从群体行为学角度来看,存在一个最优群体策略分布,即当大约25%的行人选择理性策略,而剩余75%的行人选择非理性策略时,整个群体的疏散效果可以达到最优;通过引入信息传递机制,逃生行人能够有效地从周围人群中获得关键逃生信息,从而显著提高疏散效率。该机制的促进作用对实际开放出口较少的场景尤为明显。

关键词: 信息传输机制, 社会力模型(SFM), 理性策略, 非理性策略, 疏散过程

Abstract:

In order to investigate the pedestrian evacuation selection strategy in a multi-exit room with unknown exit opening status and to assess the effect of information transfer on movement status and evacuation efficiency during evacuation, an exit-finding SFM based on the information transfer mechanism was proposed. Firstly, A competition mechanism has been introduced into the social force model to improve the simulation's accuracy in reflecting real-life evacuation scenarios. The study then examined the evacuation process guided by rational and irrational strategies to investigate the impact of the herd effect triggered by information change on the overall evacuation. Finally, this paper introduces the information transfer mechanism to investigate the optimization effect of information exchange and cooperation on the escape path. The results indicate that the rational strategy is more robust for individual pedestrians in an emergency escape situation. However, from the perspective of group behavior, an optimal distribution of group strategies exists. Specifically, when approximately 25% of pedestrians choose the rational strategy, and the remaining 75% choose the irrational strategy, the evacuation effect of the whole group can reach its optimal effect. The introduction of the information transfer mechanism enables escaping pedestrians to effectively obtain critical escape information from the surrounding crowd, thus significantly improving evacuation efficiency. The facilitating effect of this mechanism is particularly evident in scenarios with fewer available exits.

Key words: information transfer mechanisms, social force model(SFM), rational strategy, irrational strategy, emergency evacuation process

中图分类号:

X915.2安全社会学

李昆, 丁景轩, 李姣姣. 考虑信息传递机制的改进社会力模型[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(4): 217-225.

LI Kun, DING Jingxuan, LI Jiaojiao. Improved social force model considering information transmission mechanism[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(4): 217-225.

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考虑信息传递机制的改进社会力模型

Improved social force model considering information transmission mechanism

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