多因素影响下深埋地铁电梯辅助疏散效率研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.03.0009

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 194-203.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.03.0009

多因素影响下深埋地铁电梯辅助疏散效率研究

何姗姗¹(), 王巧¹, 陈娟², 游勇³, 王金伟⁴, 马剑¹^,^**()

¹ 西南交通大学交通运输与物流学院,四川成都 610031
² 西南交通大学地球科学与工程学院,四川成都 610031
³ 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司,湖北武汉 430063
⁴ 重庆市住房和城乡建设技术发展中心, 重庆 401122

收稿日期:2024-10-24 修回日期:2024-12-26 出版日期:2025-03-28
通信作者:
** 马剑(1983—),男,江苏徐州人,博士,教授,主要从事行人交通组织与管理、紧急条件下的人员疏散等方面的研究。E-mail: majian@swjtu.edu.cn。
作者简介:
何姗姗 (1997—),女,江苏南通人,博士研究生,主要研究方向为人员疏散。E-mail: hss2022@my.swjtu.edu.cn。
王巧，讲师；
陈娟，副教授；
游勇，高级工程师；
王金伟，高级工程师
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3005205); 国家自然科学基金资助(72104205); 国家自然科学基金资助(71871189); 重庆市建设科技计划项目(城科字2022第 5-8号)

Elevator-assisted evacuation efficiency of deeply buried subway station under influence of multiple factors

HE Shanshan¹(), WANG Qiao¹, CHEN Juan², YOU Yong³, WANG Jinwei⁴, MA Jian¹^,^**()

¹ School of Transportation and Logistics, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu Sichuan 610031, China
² Faculty of Geosciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu Sichuan 610031, China
³ China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan Hubei 430063, China
⁴ Chongqing Construction Technology Development Center, Chongqing 401122, China

Received:2024-10-24 Revised:2024-12-26 Published:2025-03-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高深埋地铁疏散效率,基于典型标准地铁车站,构建深埋地铁电梯辅助疏散模型,选取平均疏散时间为评估指标,仿真计算分析地铁埋深、客流强度、乘客选择电梯疏散比例、电梯运行参数、电梯数量、可接受排队人数等多种因素耦合影响下疏散效率变化特征。结果表明:当地铁埋深大于30 m时,使用电梯辅助疏散具有较为明显的优势。当乘客不改变疏散路径时,乘客疏散时间与选择使用电梯的乘客比例在平峰期成反比,而在高峰期则成正比。当乘客因排队规模改变疏散路径时,不同地铁站埋深场景下疏散效率都有一定提高。在地铁埋深为90 m,可接受排队为30人时,可使整体疏散效率最高。规划地铁出口时,合理增加电梯数量和额定荷载、提升运行速度可达成疏散效率与成本控制的平衡。

关键词: 多因素影响, 深埋地铁, 电梯辅助疏散, 疏散效率, 模拟计算

Abstract:

To enhance the evacuation efficiency of deeply buried subway stations, a standard subway station was selected to establish an elevator-assisted evacuation model for deeply buried subway stations. The average evacuation time of passengers was selected as the primary evaluation metric. Variation characteristics in evacuation efficiency were calculated and analyzed under the combined influence of various factors, including buried depth of the subway, passenger flow intensity, the proportion of passengers opting for elevator evacuation, elevator operating parameters, the number of elevators, and acceptable queue size through simulation. The results indicate that the advantages of elevator-assisted evacuation are more pronounced when the subway depth exceeds 30 m. When passengers maintain their original evacuation paths, the evacuation time is inversely related to the proportion of passengers choosing to use the elevator during off-peak periods, but positively related during peak hours. Furthermore, when passengers alter their evacuation paths due to queue size, evacuation efficiency improves under different buried depth scenarios. In a subway with a burial depth of 90 m and an acceptable queue size of 30, the overall evacuation efficiency reaches its peak. When planning subway exits, reasonably increasing the number of elevators and their rated load, as well as operating speed, can effectively balance evacuation efficiency with cost control.

Key words: influence of multiple factors, deeply buried subway station, elevator-assisted evacuation, evacuation efficiency, simulation

中图分类号:

X952

何姗姗, 王巧, 陈娟, 游勇, 王金伟, 马剑. 多因素影响下深埋地铁电梯辅助疏散效率研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2025, 35(3): 194-203.

HE Shanshan, WANG Qiao, CHEN Juan, YOU Yong, WANG Jinwei, MA Jian. Elevator-assisted evacuation efficiency of deeply buried subway station under influence of multiple factors[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2025, 35(3): 194-203.

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参考文献 19

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参数	数值设置
乘客期望速度/(m·s^-1)	均匀分布(0.8, 1.3)
乘客初始速度/(m·s^-1)	均匀分布(0.5, 1.8)
肩膀尺寸/m	三角分布(0.25, 0.39, 0.5)
上行楼梯速度/(m·s^-1)	速度因子:0.7
闸机排队等待时间/s	均匀分布(0.5, 2)

设施类型	通过能力/(人次·s^-1)
设施类型	本文仿真值	文献[18]	文献[19]	地铁设计规范
1m宽上行楼梯	0.88	0.95 (+7.4%)	0.91 (-3.3%)	1.03 (-14.6%)
1m宽自动扶梯	2.08	1.91 (-8.9%)	2.01 (+3.5%)	2.28 (-8.8%)
闸机	0.57	0.56 (+1.8%)	—	0.58 (-1.7%)

多因素影响下深埋地铁电梯辅助疏散效率研究

Elevator-assisted evacuation efficiency of deeply buried subway station under influence of multiple factors

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