激励机制下的高层建筑火灾人员疏散效率研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2020.08.012

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (8): 79-85.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2020.08.012

激励机制下的高层建筑火灾人员疏散效率研究

袁春燕副教授, 王坤, 陈虹燕, 刘兴, 郎雨佳, 路鹏飞

长安大学建筑工程学院,陕西西安 710061

收稿日期:2020-05-16 修回日期:2020-07-13 出版日期:2020-08-28 发布日期:2021-07-15
作者简介:袁春燕 (1977—),女,甘肃金昌人,博士,副教授,主要从事工程安全、工程投资与风险控制方面的研究。E-mail:jancyer@163.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助(51608049);教育部人文社科项目(15YJCZH214);长安大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(300102280205)

Research on evacuation efficiency of high-rise building in case of fires considering incentive mechanism

YUAN Chunyan, WANG Kun, CHEN Hongyan, LIU Xing, LANG Yujia, LU Pengfei

School of Construction Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an Shaanxi 710061, China

Received:2020-05-16 Revised:2020-07-13 Online:2020-08-28 Published:2021-07-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究激励机制对高层建筑火灾人员疏散的影响,采用弗鲁姆期望理论,将效价、期望值、工具性类比到疏散研究中,量化逃生人员可被激发的潜能值,分析对疏散速度的影响;以某高层商业建筑火灾疏散为例,将激励机制对疏散速度的影响导入疏散分析,并与未考虑激励机制的情况进行比较。结果表明:考虑激励机制的疏散时间为500 s,未考虑激励机制的疏散时间为630 s,前者疏散效率整体较高,后者在520 s后,疏散效率接近于0;激励机制显著增加了人体对火灾产物的耐受极限,使得火灾初期的烟气对疏散速度的影响降低,将威胁生命的时间点延后,间接提高了疏散效率。

关键词: 高层建筑火灾, 人员疏散效率, 激励机制, 期望理论, 潜能激发

Abstract: In order to explore influence of incentive mechanism on high-rise building fire evacuation, potency, expectation and instrumentality were analogized in evacuation studies by using Vroom's expectation theory, potential value that evacuees can be stimulated was quantified and its impacts on evacuation speed were analyzed. Then, with fire evacuation of a high-rise commercial building as an example, influence of incentive mechanism on evacuation speed was introduced and compared with cases without considering it. The results show that with incentive mechanism, it takes 500 s to evacuate which will be 630 s otherwise. The former has higher evacuation efficiency as a whole while that of the latter is close to 0 after 520 s. Incentive mechanism significantly increases human body's tolerance limit of fire products, reduces impact of smoke on evacuation speed in early stages of fire, and delays life-threatening time point, thus improving evacuation efficiency indirectly.

Key words: high-rise building fire, evacuation efficiency, incentive mechanism, expectation theory, potential stimulation

中图分类号:

X912

袁春燕, 王坤, 陈虹燕, 刘兴, 郎雨佳, 路鹏飞. 激励机制下的高层建筑火灾人员疏散效率研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2020, 30(8): 79-85.

YUAN Chunyan, WANG Kun, CHEN Hongyan, LIU Xing, LANG Yujia, LU Pengfei. Research on evacuation efficiency of high-rise building in case of fires considering incentive mechanism[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2020, 30(8): 79-85.

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激励机制下的高层建筑火灾人员疏散效率研究

Research on evacuation efficiency of high-rise building in case of fires considering incentive mechanism

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