中国安全科学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (9): 202-211.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.09.0861

• 公共安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于模糊认知图的桥梁运营安全风险决策研究

向鹏成1,2,3(), 郭佩文1,**(), 张雪芹4   

  1. 1 重庆大学 管理科学与房地产学院,重庆 400044
    2 重庆大学 可持续建设国际研究中心,重庆 400045
    3 重庆大学 建设经济与管理研究中心,重庆 400045
    4 重庆市建筑科学研究院有限公司,重庆 400042
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-27 修回日期:2025-06-30 出版日期:2025-09-28
  • 通信作者:
    **郭佩文(1995—),女,吉林延边人,博士研究生,研究方向为安全与风险管理、一带一路与国际工程管理。E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    向鹏成 (1974—),男,四川万源人,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事工程项目管理、安全风险与应急管理等方面的研究。E-mail:

    张雪芹 高级工程师

  • 基金资助:
    重庆市社会科学规划重大项目(2023ZDSC12); 重庆设计集团科研项目(2023-C2)

Research on bridge operational safety risk decision-making based on fuzzy cognitive maps

XIANG Pengcheng1,2,3(), GUO Peiwen1,**(), ZHANG Xueqin4   

  1. 1 School of Management Science and Real Estate, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
    2 International Research Center for Sustainable Built Environment, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
    3 Construction Economics and Management Research Center, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
    4 Chongqing Construction Science Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 400042, China
  • Received:2025-04-27 Revised:2025-06-30 Published:2025-09-28

摘要:

为探究桥梁运营安全风险决策机制,防范桥梁运营重大安全风险,搭建桥梁运营安全风险感知—风险认知—风险决策三阶段理论框架,利用Heronian有序加权平均(H-OWA)算子处理专家评分,建立决策因素的交互矩阵;确定模糊认知图(FCM)概念节点的含义及结构,揭示因素间的映射关系;收集某铁路桥梁2020年1月1日列车通行时的监测数据,开展工程应用与验证分析。结果表明:桥梁结构加速度、应变、位移的权重重要度排序与迭代过程重要度排序最高,是桥梁结构健康感知关键指标;桥梁下部结构加固策略的实施效果在低、中、高风险情景下均显著高于防水隔热、上部结构加固,有效提升桥梁的整体稳定性和安全性。

关键词: 模糊认知图(FCM), 桥梁运营安全, 风险决策, Heronian有序加权平均(H-OWA)算子, 维护策略

Abstract:

In order to investigate the decision-making mechanism for operational safety risks in bridges and mitigate major operational safety hazards, a three-stage theoretical framework comprising risk perception, risk cognition, and risk decision-making for bridge operational safety was established. H-OWA operator was employed to process expert evaluations, constructing an interaction matrix for decision factors. The meanings and structure of concept nodes within FCM were defined to elucidate the mapping relationships between factors. Monitoring data collected during train passages on a specific railway bridge on January 1, 2020, was utilized for conducting engineering application and validation analysis. The results show that the weight importance ranking of bridge structure acceleration, strain, and displacement is the highest among the iterative process importance ranking, indicating their critical roles in perceiving bridge structure health. Moreover, the implementation effect of reinforcement strategies for the substructure of the bridge is significantly higher than that of waterproofing and insulation and reinforcement of the superstructure under low, medium, and high-risk scenarios, effectively enhancing the overall stability and safety of the bridge.

Key words: fuzzy cognitive maps (FCM), bridge operational safety, risk decision-making, Heronian ordered weighted averaging (H-OWA) operator, maintenance strategies

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