考虑冗余性的机场航站楼运行韧性分析方法

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.10.1768

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为保障航站楼系统的正常运行,以航站楼安检通道故障和值机柜台人员缺席事件为例,分析冗余性对航站楼运行韧性的影响。提出覆盖航站楼系统从遭受扰动到恢复全过程的韧性定义与量化方法;选取某千万级机场T1航站楼,基于Anylogic构建航站楼运行模型,分析系统有无冗余时,安检通道的故障数量、故障时长、恢复措施强度以及人工值机柜台人员缺席数量对航站楼运行韧性的影响。结果表明:当系统无冗余时,航站楼运行韧性随安检通道故障数量和人员缺席数量的增加而降低,与故障时长无明显关系,但随着恢复措施强度的增大而增大;当系统有冗余时,系统功能水平不降低或降低程度较无冗余时小,且系统韧性较无冗余性时大;而当系统具备冗余性且冗余度大于扰动强度时,系统功能水平不降低,系统韧性接近1.0。因此,在分析系统韧性时,冗余性是不可忽视的关键要素。

关键词: 冗余性, 机场航站楼, 运行韧性, 扰动, 恢复措施

Abstract:

To ensure the normal operation of the airport terminal system, the impact of redundancy on operation resilience was analyzed by taking incidents such as security checkpoint failures and staff absenteeism at check-in counters as examples. A definition and quantification method for resilience, covering the entire process from system disruption to recovery, was proposed. T1 terminal of a major airport handling tens of millions of passengers annually was selected as a case study. An operation model of the terminal was constructed based on Anylogic. The influence of the number of security checkpoint failures, failure duration, recovery measure intensity, and the number of absent staff at manual check-in counters on terminal operation resilience was analyzed under scenarios with and without redundancy. The results indicate that when the system redundancy is lacking, the operation resilience of the terminal decreases as the number of security checkpoint failures and absent staff increases, shows no significant correlation with failure duration, but improves with the enhancement of recovery measure intensity. In contrast, when the system incorporates redundancy, the functional level either remains unaffected or declines less significantly compared to the non-redundant scenario, and the system resilience is higher. Moreover, if the system possesses redundancy and the redundancy degree exceeds the disruption intensity, the functional level remains unchanged, and the system resilience approaches 1.0. Therefore, redundancy is a critical factor that cannot be overlooked in resilience analysis.

Key words: redundancy, airport terminal, operation resilience, disruption, recovery measure

中图分类号:

X949

齐麟, 陈小林. 考虑冗余性的机场航站楼运行韧性分析方法[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2025, 35(10): 82-90.

QI Lin, CHEN Xiaolin. Analysis method of airport terminal operation resilience considering redundancy[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2025, 35(10): 82-90.

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服务流程	数量	参数	服从分布/s	产生比例/%
自助值机服务	28	是否自助值机	—	是20; 否80
自助值机服务	28	自助值机时长	triangular (25, 75, 30)
人工柜台值机服务	72	柜台值机时长	uniform(10, 15)
		是否托运行李	—	是65; 否40
		托运行李时长	uniform(10, 40)
		取票时长	uniform(5, 10)
		行李是否超重或违禁		是5; 否95
		超重或违禁行李处理时长	uniform (60, 120)
安检通道	13	核验登机牌及证件时长	uniform (10, 15)
		整理行李时长	triangular (20, 30, 25)
		旅客安检时长	uniform (25, 40)
		行李是否开包	—	是95; 否5
		行李再次安检时长	triangular ( 30, 70, 40)
		提取行李时长	triangular (20, 30, 25)
登机口	30	登机验票时长	uniform(5, 15)

安检通道故障数/条	1	2	3	4	5
无冗余Q_l	0.167	0.296	0.622	0.768	0.933
有冗余Q_l	0.004	0.042	0.03	0.161	0.295
无冗余R	0.923	0.863	0.797	0.713	0.645
有冗余R	0.998	0.981	0.986	0.926	0.864

故障时长/h	1	2	3	4
无冗余Q_l	0.301	0.622	0.909	1.211
有冗余Q_l	0.059	0.165	0.242	0.284
无冗余R	0.731	0.713	0.720	0.715
有冗余R	0.949	0.924	0.923	0.932

恢复措施	恢复 1条	恢复2条	额外增加 1条	额外增加 2条
无冗余Q_l	0.442	0.296	0.207	0.104
有冗余Q_l	0.000	0.042	0.083	0.000
无冗余R	0.863	0.874	0.941	0.970
有冗余R	1.000	0.981	0.976	1.000

人员缺席数量/人	0	2	4	6	8
无冗余Q_l	0	0.018	0.125	0.270	0.467
有冗余Q_l	0	0.010	0.001	0.164	0.312
无冗余R	1	0.991	0.937	0.865	0.766
有冗余R	1	0.995	0.999	0.925	0.858