矿山救援人员下拉检力器训练中的肌肉疲劳特征*

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2026.03.0375

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 238-246.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2026.03.0375

矿山救援人员下拉检力器训练中的肌肉疲劳特征^*

孟昀晨¹^,²(), 禹刘欢¹^,², 杨三军¹^,²^,^**(), 叶茂盛¹^,², 吴放¹^,², 陈强盛³

¹ 中国矿业大学(北京) 体育教研部, 北京 100083
² 中国矿业大学(北京)应急救援工效与防护研究院, 北京 100083
³ 国家矿山应急救援大同队, 山西大同 037003

收稿日期:2025-10-14 修回日期:2025-12-10 出版日期:2026-03-31
通信作者:
^** 杨三军(1979—),男,湖南湘潭人,博士,教授,硕士生导师,主要从事应急救援与安全管理、特种职业体能与健康防护等方面的研究。E-mail:108947@cumtb.edu。
作者简介:
孟昀晨 (1992—),男,江苏淮安人,博士,讲师,主要从事特种职业体能与健康防护、应急救援与安全管理等方面的研究。E-mail:yc_meng@cumtb.edu.cn。
叶茂盛,副教授。
吴放,副教授。
陈强盛,高级工程师。
基金资助:
教育部人文社会科学研究项目(23YJC890027); 中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2025SKPYTY01); 晋能控股集团招标项目(SZ202201041)

Muscle fatigue characteristics of mine rescue personnel during pull-down dynamometer training

MENG Yunchen¹^,²(), YU Liuhuan¹^,², YANG Sanjun¹^,²^,^**(), YE Maosheng¹^,², WU Fang¹^,², CHEN Qiangsheng³

¹ Sports Teaching and Research Department, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
² Institute for Emergency Rescue Ergonomics and Protection, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
³ National Mine Emergency Rescue Datong Team, Datong Shanxi 037003, China

Received:2025-10-14 Revised:2025-12-10 Published:2026-03-31

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提升矿山应急救援训练的安全性和效率,围绕矿山救援人员在下拉检力器训练中的肌肉疲劳特性展开分析。以国家矿山应急救援大同队的40名队员为被试,通过表面肌电(sEMG)技术,量化分析拉检力器训练条件下,肱三头肌、背阔肌及中下段竖脊肌肌肉激活模式、均方根振幅(RMS)、肌肉贡献率和中位频率(MF)的变化趋势。研究结果表明:肱三头肌和背阔肌为主要发力肌群,竖脊肌发挥躯干稳定与姿势还原功能;随着动作次数增加,肱三头肌在训练后半程开始出现疲劳现象,为维持训练持续进行,背阔肌与竖脊肌代偿性激活增强,其中,下段竖脊肌在呈现更高激活水平的同时,亦表现出显著的疲劳特征。这一由肱三头肌疲劳驱动的代偿模式是导致救援人员腰部负荷增大、损伤风险提升的关键诱因;建议训练中重点强化肱三头肌的力量耐力与核心肌群的稳定控制与抗疲劳能力。

关键词: 矿山救援人员, 下拉检力器, 肌肉疲劳, 表面肌电(sEMG), 中位频率(MF)

Abstract:

This study analyzes the muscular fatigue characteristics of mine emergency rescue personnel during pull-down dynamometer training, aiming to provide scientific support for enhancing the safety and efficiency of mine emergency rescue training. Forty team members from the Datong National Mine Emergency Rescue Team were selected as participants. sEMG technology was used to record changes in muscle activation, muscle contribution rates, root mean square(RMS) amplitude, and MF under standardized pull-down dynamometer training conditions. The results indicate that the triceps and latissimus dorsi are the primary force-generating muscles, while the erector spinae plays a critical role in movement restoration and trunk stabilization. As the number of repetitions increases, the triceps brachii begins to appear fatigue in the second half of training. To maintain the training, the latissimus dorsi and erector spinae show enhanced compensatory activation, and the lower segment of the erector spinae exhibits a higher activation level while showing significant fatigue characteristics. This compensation pattern driven by triceps fatigue is the key inducement for increased lumbar load and elevated injury risk in rescue personnel. It is suggested that the strength endurance of triceps brachii and the stability control and anti-fatigue ability of core muscles should be strengthened in training.

Key words: mine rescue personnel, pull-down dynamometer, muscle fatigue, surface electromyography (sEMG), median frequency (MF)

中图分类号:

X912.9安全人机学

孟昀晨, 禹刘欢, 杨三军, 叶茂盛, 吴放, 陈强盛. 矿山救援人员下拉检力器训练中的肌肉疲劳特征^*[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2026, 36(3): 238-246.

MENG Yunchen, YU Liuhuan, YANG Sanjun, YE Maosheng, WU Fang, CHEN Qiangsheng. Muscle fatigue characteristics of mine rescue personnel during pull-down dynamometer training[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2026, 36(3): 238-246.

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参考文献 21

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肌肉名称	MF(平均值±标准差)/Hz				F	P	${\eta }_{p}^{2}$
肌肉名称	T1	T2	T3	T4	F	P	${\eta }_{p}^{2}$
肱三头肌	68.56±2.22	67.58±1.56	66.41±1.24^①②	64.26±2.55^①②③	18.9	<0.001	0.677
背阔肌	67.66±1.58	67.52±2.18	67.66±2.51	66.69±1.63	0.886	0.457	0.064
中段竖脊肌	65.75±1.98	65.10±2.44	65.23±1.86	65.49±1.87	0.462	0.71	0.032
下段竖脊肌	69.53±3.29	68.36±1.51	66.60±1.84^①②	66.87±1.67^①②	5.481	0.025	0.379

矿山救援人员下拉检力器训练中的肌肉疲劳特征^*

Muscle fatigue characteristics of mine rescue personnel during pull-down dynamometer training

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