中国安全科学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (7): 1-11.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2026.07.0948

• 安全科学理论与方法 •    下一篇

气粉两相体系爆炸下限变化特征及量化模型研究进展

纪文涛1,2,3(), 王雅歌1,2,3, 肖海利1,2,3, 孟令宣1,2,3, 王燕1,2,3,**()   

  1. 1 河南理工大学 安全科学与工程学院, 河南 焦作 454003
    2 河南省燃爆动力灾害预警与应急工程技术研究中心, 河南 焦作 454003
    3 煤炭安全生产与清洁利用省部共建协同创新中心, 河南 焦作 454003
  • 收稿日期:2026-02-11 修回日期:2026-04-13 出版日期:2026-08-10
  • 通信作者:
    **王 燕(1982—),女,河南周口人,博士,教授,主要从事气体与粉尘爆炸灾害防治、危化品安全、新能源安全等方面的研究。E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    纪文涛 (1989—),男,河南周口人,博士,教授,主要从事气体与粉尘爆炸灾害防治方面的研究。E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助(52374197); 国家自然科学基金资助(52474217); 河南省自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金资助(252300421106); 河南省科技研发计划联合基金青年科学家项目(235200810079); 河南省高校科技创新团队项目(25IRTSTHN005)

Research progress on change characteristic and quantitative model of lower explosion limit of hybrid mixtures

Ji Wentao1,2,3(), Wang Yage1,2,3, Xiao Haili1,2,3, Meng Lingxuan1,2,3, Wang Yan1,2,3,**()   

  1. 1 College of Safety Science and Engineering, Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo Henan 454003, China
    2 Explosion Dynamic Disaster Early Warning and Emergency Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province, Jiaozuo Henan 454003, China
    3 Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Work Safety and Clean High Efficiency Utilization, Jiaozuo Henan 454003, China
  • Received:2026-02-11 Revised:2026-04-13 Published:2026-08-10

摘要:

可燃气体和粉尘共存形成的可爆两相体系在工业生产中广泛存在,由其引发的爆炸事故已成为爆炸灾害的主要形式之一。为防治气粉两相体系爆炸灾害,聚焦爆炸下限(LEL)这一关键特征参数,从可燃气体体积分数和粉尘质量浓度、可燃气体化学反应活性、粉尘粒径、粉尘热解特征、粉尘组分等角度,分类阐述LEL变化特征的研究现状并总结现有研究的局限;同时,针对LEL的量化需求,从经验/半经验模型和理论模型2个方面分析现有量化模型,梳理其类型、特点及局限,并提出LEL变化特征及量化模型研究展望。结果表明:可燃气体体积分数和粉尘质量浓度直接调控LEL,可燃气体化学反应活性、粉尘粒径、组分和热解特征也是关键影响因素;经验/半经验模型形式简洁、计算便捷,但高度依赖特定试验数据和条件;理论模型虽具有更坚实的科学基础,但往往基于理想化假设建立。

关键词: 气粉两相体系, 爆炸下限(LEL), 变化特征, 量化模型, 经验模型, 理论模型

Abstract:

The explosive hybrid mixtures formed by the coexistence of flammable gas and dust are widely present in industrial production, and the explosion accidents caused by them have become one of the main forms of explosion accidents. In order to prevent and control the explosion disasters of hybrid mixtures, focusing on LEL of hybrid mixtures as the key characteristic parameter, the research status on the change characteristic of LEL of hybrid mixtures was classified and expounded from the perspective of influencing factors such as flammable gas and dust concentration, chemical reactivity of flammable gas, dust particle size, dust pyrolysis characteristics and dust composition, and the limitations of existing research were summarized. At the same time, in response to the quantitative requirements for LEL of hybrid mixtures, the research status of the quantitative model of LEL of hybrid mixtures was summarized and analyzed from two aspects of experience/semi-empirical model and theoretical model, and the types, characteristics and limitations of existing models were sorted out. Based on these, the research prospects for the change characteristic and the quantitative model of the LEL of hybrid mixtures were proposed. The results indicate that the flammable gas and dust concentration have a direct regulatory effect on LEL. The chemical reactivity of flammable gas, dust particle size, composition, and pyrolysis characteristics are also key influencing factors. Although empirical/semi-empirical models are simple in form and convenient for calculations, they are highly dependent on specific experimental data and conditions, while theoretical models have a more solid scientific foundation, they are often based on idealized assumptions.

Key words: hybrid mixtures, lower explosion limit(LEL), change characteristic, quantitative model, empirical/semi-empirical model, theoretical model

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